Wang Min, Liu Wei, Zheng Lianwen, Ma Shuai, Jin Lianhai, Zhao Donghai, Li Dandan
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
College of Laboratory Medicine, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China.
Front Microbiol. 2025 Apr 17;16:1521216. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1521216. eCollection 2025.
As a heterogeneous disease, endometriosis is associated with diagnostic delay. Delayed diagnosis, physical discomfort, hormone therapy, and inconvenience in daily life and work all contribute to a decreased quality of life for endometriosis patients. Early clinical diagnosis is highly important for the intervention and treatment of endometriosis. Currently, reliable non-invasive diagnostic methods are lacking, and laparoscopic examination combined with pathological diagnosis is considered the "gold standard" for definitively diagnosing endometriosis. An increasing number of studies have confirmed the correlation between endometriosis and microbial ecological changes. Microbial dysbiosis is an important factor in the development and progression of endometriosis. Certain key microbial species and their metabolites can induce functional alterations in endometrial cells through various mechanisms, often preceding the emergence of clinical symptoms. Endometriosis are chronic inflammatory diseases, with an immunoinflammatory response as the pathological foundation. The microbiome may participate in the pathological mechanisms of endometriosis through multiple pathways, including mediating inflammatory responses, regulating immune responses, participating in estrogen regulation, interfering with metabolic activities, and modulating the gut-brain axis. Therefore, the microbiome holds potential as an early non-invasive diagnostic and therapeutic target for endometriosis patients. This study summarizes and analyses the correlations between microorganisms and their metabolites and the onset of endometriosis, aiming to provide novel insights into the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of endometriosis.
作为一种异质性疾病，子宫内膜异位症与诊断延迟相关。诊断延迟、身体不适、激素治疗以及日常生活和工作中的不便，均导致子宫内膜异位症患者生活质量下降。早期临床诊断对子宫内膜异位症的干预和治疗至关重要。目前，缺乏可靠的非侵入性诊断方法，腹腔镜检查结合病理诊断被认为是确诊子宫内膜异位症的“金标准”。越来越多的研究证实了子宫内膜异位症与微生物生态变化之间的相关性。微生物失调是子宫内膜异位症发生发展的重要因素。某些关键微生物种类及其代谢产物可通过多种机制诱导子宫内膜细胞功能改变，且往往早于临床症状出现。子宫内膜异位症是慢性炎症性疾病，以免疫炎症反应为病理基础。微生物群可能通过多种途径参与子宫内膜异位症的病理机制，包括介导炎症反应、调节免疫反应、参与雌激素调节、干扰代谢活动以及调节肠-脑轴。因此，微生物群有望成为子宫内膜异位症患者早期非侵入性诊断和治疗的靶点。本研究总结并分析了微生物及其代谢产物与子宫内膜异位症发病之间的相关性，旨在为子宫内膜异位症的病因、诊断和治疗提供新的见解。
