Oliveira Quezia Moura, Pessanha Thaíla Santos, Iñiguez Alena Mayo
Laboratório de Parasitologia Integrativa e Paleoparasitologia-LPIP, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil.
Pathogens. 2025 Jun 10;14(6):579. doi: 10.3390/pathogens14060579.
The detection of food sources of blood-sucking vectors is essential for a better understanding of the hosts, reservoirs, and other fauna that participate in the transmission web of hemoparasites. The molecular identification of triatomine blood meal sources (BMSs) has been shown to be highly sensitive and taxonomically specific when compared to the immunological method. The application of molecular cloning makes it possible to identify multiple BMS species and/or different individuals/haplotypes of the same vertebrate species in a single triatomine specimen. In Brazil, the molecular detection of BMSs is incipient, with insufficient genetic information on the species of animals involved in the transmission of . In this work, we evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of a molecular approach using molecular cloning for the detection of multiple Brazilian mammalian species. The DNA was extracted from blood clots of 13 species of canids, bats, xenarthral, marsupials, and rodents. Serial proportions were used to formulate mixtures combining taxonomically close (belonging to the same family or order) and taxonomically distant (different families) species. The results showed that GenBank lacks reference sequences for some native species tested, such as the sylvatic rodent, , and the wild canid, for b and 12S rDNA, and the rodent for 12S rDNA. The study also demonstrated that it is possible to detect multiple different species, even for those that are taxonomically close. This approach was proven to be efficient for the detection of species in equal and even in disparate unequal proportions, which could represent complementary information about the diversity of potential hosts of The detection of multiple BMS species in mixed samples provides a more comprehensive and accurate landscape of transmission in nature.
检测吸血媒介的食物来源对于更好地了解参与血寄生虫传播网络的宿主、储存宿主和其他动物群至关重要。与免疫方法相比，锥蝽血餐来源（BMS）的分子鉴定已显示出高度敏感性和分类学特异性。分子克隆的应用使得在单个锥蝽标本中识别多种BMS物种和/或同一脊椎动物物种的不同个体/单倍型成为可能。在巴西，BMS的分子检测尚处于起步阶段，关于参与传播的动物物种的遗传信息不足。在这项工作中，我们评估了一种使用分子克隆检测多种巴西哺乳动物物种的分子方法的敏感性和特异性。从13种犬科动物、蝙蝠、异关节动物、有袋动物和啮齿动物的血凝块中提取DNA。使用系列比例来配制组合分类学上相近（属于同一科或目）和分类学上较远（不同科）物种的混合物。结果表明，GenBank缺乏一些测试的本地物种的参考序列，如野生啮齿动物、野生犬科动物的b和12S rDNA，以及啮齿动物的12S rDNA。该研究还表明，即使对于分类学上相近的物种，也有可能检测到多种不同的物种。这种方法被证明对于检测比例相等甚至不同的不同物种是有效的，这可以代表关于潜在宿主多样性的补充信息。在混合样本中检测多种BMS物种提供了自然界中传播的更全面和准确的情况。
