Fallon Thomas, Carragher Paul, Heron Neil
Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK.
Edinburgh Sports Medicine Research Network & UK Collaborating Centre on Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport (UKCCIIS), Institute for Sport, PE and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK.
Sports (Basel). 2025 May 23;13(6):158. doi: 10.3390/sports13060158.
Para-cycling is a competitive sport governed by the World Body for Cycling, Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), encompassing various cycling disciplines tailored to athletes with physical or visual impairments. This study aimed to prospectively monitor the incidence of injury and illness in Para cyclists during the 2024 Paralympic season. This prospective, observational study included ten professional Para cyclists (five male, five female) with impairments ranging from spinal cord-related, neuromuscular, and musculoskeletal conditions to vision impairment. The definitions of an 'athlete health problem', 'injury', and 'illnesses' followed the Para sport translation of the IOC consensus. Injury and illness data were collected weekly using the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Questionnaire on Health Problems V2 (OSTRC-H2), with the addition of subjective markers of well-being and training load, between February 2024 and October 2024. All medical contacts for any injury or illness were logged in line with consensus statement recommendations. The OSTRC-H2 questionnaire had a response rate of 76.5% (±12.2%, range 55-88%) across the 35 weeks. Athletes reported 7.36 (95% CI: 5.41-9.46) health problems per 365 days, with a medical attention rate of 5.56 (95% CI: 3.91-7.36) per 365 days. The overall injury rate was 1.94 per 365 athlete days (95% CI: 1.23-2.93), with a higher incidence in males (2.44, 95% CI: 1.53-3.67) than in females (1.51, 95% CI: 0.68-2.95). Conversely, illness rates were higher in females (5.40, 95% CI: 3.00-8.11) than in males (1.80, 95% CI: 0.60-3.30), with an overall illness rate of 3.60 per 365 days (95% CI: 2.29-5.10). This is the first study to present prospective injury and illness epidemiology rates in Para cyclists in combination with subjective well-being markers. The findings underscore the importance and feasibility of longitudinal health monitoring in Para cyclists, ensuring that both physical and mental health concerns are systematically tracked and addressed. This enables a proactive, multidisciplinary support system to respond effectively to fluctuations in well-being, particularly during periods of injury or illness.
残疾人自行车运动是一项由国际自行车联盟（UCI）这个世界自行车管理机构管理的竞技运动，涵盖了针对身体或视力有障碍的运动员的各种自行车项目。本研究旨在前瞻性地监测2024年残奥会赛季残疾人自行车运动员的伤病发生率。这项前瞻性观察性研究纳入了十名职业残疾人自行车运动员（五名男性，五名女性），他们的损伤范围从脊髓相关、神经肌肉和肌肉骨骼疾病到视力障碍。“运动员健康问题”“损伤”和“疾病”的定义遵循国际奥委会共识的残疾人运动翻译版本。在2024年2月至2024年10月期间，使用奥斯陆体育创伤研究中心健康问题问卷V2（OSTRC-H2）每周收集损伤和疾病数据，并补充了幸福感和训练负荷的主观指标。所有因任何损伤或疾病的医疗接触均按照共识声明建议进行记录。在35周内，OSTRC-H2问卷的回复率为76.5%（±12.2%，范围55 - 88%）。运动员报告每365天有7.36（95%置信区间：5.41 - 9.46）个健康问题，每365天的医疗就诊率为5.56（95%置信区间：3.91 - 7.36）。总体损伤率为每365运动员日1.94（95%置信区间：1.23 - 2.93），男性的发生率（2.44，95%置信区间：1.53 - 3.67）高于女性（1.51，95%置信区间：0.68 - 2.95）。相反，女性的疾病发生率（5.40，95%置信区间：3.00 - 8.11）高于男性（1.80，95%置信区间：0.60 - 3.30），总体疾病率为每365天3.60（95%置信区间：2.29 - 5.10）。这是第一项结合主观幸福感指标呈现残疾人自行车运动员前瞻性伤病流行病学发生率的研究。研究结果强调了对残疾人自行车运动员进行纵向健康监测的重要性和可行性，确保系统地跟踪和解决身心健康问题。这使得一个积极主动的多学科支持系统能够有效地应对幸福感的波动，特别是在受伤或患病期间。
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