Ryman Emily, Dobbs Merilyn, Gabor Leslie, Santhakumar Abishek, Cassar Brian, Francis Nidhish
Elanco Animal Health, 245 Western Road, Kemps Creek, NSW 2718, Australia.
School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Health, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia.
Vet Sci. 2025 Jun 3;12(6):543. doi: 10.3390/vetsci12060543.
Pharmacokinetic studies are critical to assess drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in companion animals. Blood collection methods such as direct venepuncture or indwelling catheters could influence pharmacokinetic outcomes and animal welfare. A direct comparison of drug concentrations of two blood sampling methods was investigated in this study to identify any potential differences and their impact on animal welfare. Four canines (male = 3, female = 1) were treated with Apoquel (oclacitinib 0.4-0.6 mg/kg) and blood samples were obtained via direct venepuncture into the jugular and a cephalically placed catheter. The drug distribution and cortisol concentration were examined over several time points (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 h post treatment). Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences ( > 0.05) in the concentration of the drug between the two collection methods, indicating that both methods are acceptable in generating reliable results for pharmacokinetic data. Nevertheless, cortisol levels indicated a trend suggesting catheter collection may be associated with reduced stress compared to direct venepuncture (Catheter = 201 ± 91; Direct venepuncture = 208 ± 96. This study provides evidence to use a less invasive blood collection such as via a catheter during intensive bleeding schedules that are required in early drug development, thereby improving the overall welfare for the animal.
药代动力学研究对于评估伴侣动物体内药物的吸收、分布、代谢和排泄至关重要。直接静脉穿刺或留置导管等采血方法可能会影响药代动力学结果和动物福利。本研究对两种采血方法的药物浓度进行了直接比较，以确定是否存在任何潜在差异及其对动物福利的影响。四只犬（雄性 = 3只，雌性 = 1只）接受阿普可比（奥拉替尼0.4 - 0.6毫克/千克）治疗，并通过直接静脉穿刺颈静脉和头侧放置的导管采集血样。在几个时间点（治疗后0.25、0.5、1、2、4和6小时）检测药物分布和皮质醇浓度。统计分析显示，两种采集方法之间的药物浓度无显著差异（> 0.05），这表明两种方法在生成可靠的药代动力学数据结果方面都是可接受的。然而，皮质醇水平显示出一种趋势，表明与直接静脉穿刺相比，通过导管采集可能与应激减轻有关（导管采集 = 201 ± 91；直接静脉穿刺 = 208 ± 96）。本研究为在早期药物开发所需的密集采血计划中使用侵入性较小的采血方法（如通过导管采血）提供了证据，从而改善动物的整体福利。
