面对气候变化和天气暴露时对艾滋病毒健康状况的可穿戴设备监测：一项混合方法研究的方案

INTRODUCTION: Climate change and HIV are interconnected epidemics that increase vulnerability in people living with HIV (PLWH), particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite their public health significance, research on the synergistic effects of these epidemics on the health of PLWH is limited. The advancement of non-invasive wearable technology offers an opportunity to leverage objective health data for large-scale research, addressing this knowledge gap. This study will examine the impact of weather events on distinct health variables of PLWH within the Siaya Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) in rural Kenya. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Over a period of 6 months, we continuously monitored health parameters of a total of 200 participants including heart rate, activity and sleep, using consumer-grade wearable devices. We will correlate these health data with real-time weather parameters (ambient temperature, wet bulb globe temperature, precipitation level) from five weather stations within the HDSS area and compare between HIV-positive participants and an HIV-negative control group. Additionally, a convergent mixed-methods approach will explore participants' perceptions of the impact of weather events on their health and personal experiences. The study aims to inform future research on the complex relationship between HIV and weather events, which are projected to increase in frequency in this region due to climate change and provide valuable insights for policymakers to develop effective measures to protect this vulnerable population amid the growing climate crisis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study has been approved by the Research Ethics Committees at Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi (approved on 23 October 2023; SERU 4826) and Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany (approved on 14 February 2023; S-824/2022). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrolment, with data anonymised and handled according to Kenyan and German data protection regulations. Research findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and presented at scientific conferences.

引言：气候变化和艾滋病病毒是相互关联的流行病，它们增加了艾滋病病毒感染者（PLWH）的脆弱性，特别是在撒哈拉以南非洲地区。尽管它们具有公共卫生意义，但关于这些流行病对艾滋病病毒感染者健康的协同影响的研究仍然有限。非侵入式可穿戴技术的进步为利用客观健康数据进行大规模研究提供了机会，从而填补这一知识空白。本研究将考察肯尼亚农村地区锡亚 Health and Demographic Surveillance System（HDSS）内天气事件对艾滋病病毒感染者不同健康变量的影响。

方法与分析：在6个月的时间里，我们使用消费级可穿戴设备持续监测了总共200名参与者的健康参数，包括心率、活动和睡眠情况。我们将把这些健康数据与HDSS区域内五个气象站的实时天气参数（环境温度、湿球黑球温度、降水量）进行关联，并比较艾滋病病毒阳性参与者和艾滋病病毒阴性对照组之间的差异。此外，一种融合的混合方法将探索参与者对天气事件对其健康影响的看法以及个人经历。该研究旨在为未来关于艾滋病病毒与天气事件之间复杂关系的研究提供信息，预计由于气候变化，该地区此类事件的发生频率将会增加，并为政策制定者在日益严峻的气候危机中制定有效措施保护这一弱势群体提供有价值的见解。

伦理与传播：本研究已获得肯尼亚内罗毕医学研究所研究伦理委员会（于[具体日期]批准；SERU 4826）和德国海德堡大学医院（于[具体日期]批准；S - 824/2022）的批准。在招募所有参与者之前均获得了书面知情同意，数据进行了匿名处理，并按照肯尼亚和德国的数据保护法规进行处理。研究结果将通过同行评审的出版物进行传播，并在科学会议上展示。