Quevedo-Abeledo Juan C, Hernández-Díaz Marta, García-González María, Gómez-Bernal Fuensanta, Almeida-Santiago Cristina, Heras-Recuero Elena, de Vera-González Antonia, González-Delgado Alejandra, Abreu-González Pedro, Tejera-Segura Beatriz, Martín-González Candelaria, González-Gay Miguel Á, Ferraz-Amaro Iván
Division of Rheumatology, Hospital Doctor Negrín, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Division of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 Jun 16;14(6):739. doi: 10.3390/antiox14060739.
3-Nitrotyrosine (3-NT) is a product of tyrosine nitration mediated by reactive nitrogen species such as peroxynitrite anion and nitrogen dioxide. It serves as an indicator of inflammation, cell damage, and nitric oxide production. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by multisystem involvement and increased oxidative stress. Notably, cardiovascular (CV) disease has emerged as the leading cause of mortality among SLE patients. Our objective was to investigate the association between serum 3-NT levels and a wide range of disease characteristics in patients with SLE, with a particular emphasis on CV comorbidity. A total of 214 patients with SLE were enrolled. The serum levels of 3-NT as well as the activity (SLEDAI) and damage index (SLICC-SDI) scores, full lipid profile, insulin resistance indices, and carotid subclinical atherosclerosis were assessed. Multivariable linear regression analysis was carried out to study the relationship between 3-NT and clinical and laboratory disease characteristics, especially focusing on CV comorbidities. Except for body mass index, which showed a significant positive correlation, the demographic data and traditional CV risk factors did not correlate with 3-NT. After multivariable adjustments, several disease characteristics, including the disease duration, activity and damage indices, and autoantibody profile, showed significant positive associations with 3-NT. Regarding CV characteristics, several lipid profile molecules showed significant relationships with 3-NT. This was not the case for insulin resistance and subclinical atherosclerosis. Remarkably, patients with a high CV risk by SCORE2 showed higher 3-NT values compared to those with a low risk, although after the multivariable adjustment, this relationship was attenuated (but still showed a trend). In conclusion, serum 3-NT levels demonstrated significant positive correlations with multiple disease characteristics, including the disease activity and damage and the autoantibody profile. The lipid pattern in the SLE subjects also significantly and independently correlated with the 3-NT values. Our findings highlight the pathophysiological role of 3-NT specifically, and peroxidation in general, in patients with SLE.
3-硝基酪氨酸（3-NT）是由活性氮物质如过氧亚硝酸盐阴离子和二氧化氮介导的酪氨酸硝化产物。它可作为炎症、细胞损伤和一氧化氮产生的指标。系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）是一种自身免疫性疾病，其特征为多系统受累和氧化应激增加。值得注意的是，心血管（CV）疾病已成为SLE患者死亡的主要原因。我们的目的是研究SLE患者血清3-NT水平与多种疾病特征之间的关联，尤其关注CV合并症。共纳入214例SLE患者。评估了3-NT的血清水平以及疾病活动度（SLEDAI）和损伤指数（SLICC-SDI）评分、完整血脂谱、胰岛素抵抗指数和颈动脉亚临床动脉粥样硬化情况。进行多变量线性回归分析以研究3-NT与临床和实验室疾病特征之间的关系，特别关注CV合并症。除体重指数显示出显著正相关外，人口统计学数据和传统CV危险因素与3-NT均无相关性。经过多变量调整后，包括病程、活动度和损伤指数以及自身抗体谱在内的多种疾病特征与3-NT呈显著正相关。关于CV特征，几种血脂谱分子与3-NT显示出显著关系。胰岛素抵抗和亚临床动脉粥样硬化则不然。值得注意的是，通过SCORE2评估为高CV风险的患者与低风险患者相比，3-NT值更高，尽管经过多变量调整后，这种关系有所减弱（但仍呈趋势）。总之，血清3-NT水平与多种疾病特征呈显著正相关，包括疾病活动度、损伤情况和自身抗体谱。SLE患者的血脂模式也与3-NT值显著且独立相关。我们的研究结果突出了3-NT特别是过氧化作用在SLE患者中的病理生理作用。
