Li Leping, Shi Min, Umbach David M, Fan Zheng
Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC 27709, USA.
Division of Sleep Medicine and Department of Neurology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Biomolecules. 2025 Jun 17;15(6):884. doi: 10.3390/biom15060884.
To elucidate the changes in gas exchange across the life course, we estimated the age trajectories of O saturation, CO (as either end-tidal or serum bicarbonate), resting heart rate, and resting respiratory rate from age 2 yr onward in female and male patients separately. We utilized two sources' data: electronic health records (EHR) representing ambulatory visits of approximately 53,000 individuals and sleep clinic polysomnogram (PSG) records representing an additional ~21,000. We used linear regression to estimate age-group-specific mean response levels for women and men. We compared estimated female-male differences between pre- and post-pubertal children and between pre- and post-menopausal periods among adults. Women between 15 and 45 years had higher O saturation and lower serum bicarbonate levels or end-tidal CO levels than men of similar ages. For O saturation and for both measures of CO, the female-male difference was larger on average among adults at pre-menopausal ages than those at post-menopausal ages. Women had higher O saturation throughout their lives than men; however, the difference disappeared in the elderly. Women between menarche and menopause had significantly lower end-tidal CO and serum bicarbonate than men of similar ages. After menopause, however, women appeared to have higher mean levels of both end-tidal CO and serum bicarbonate than men.
为了阐明一生中气体交换的变化，我们分别估算了2岁及以上成年女性和男性患者血氧饱和度、二氧化碳（以呼气末或血清碳酸氢盐表示）、静息心率和静息呼吸频率随年龄的变化轨迹。我们利用了两个来源的数据：电子健康记录（EHR），涵盖了约53000人的门诊就诊情况；以及睡眠诊所多导睡眠图（PSG）记录，涵盖了另外约21000人的情况。我们使用线性回归来估算女性和男性各年龄组的平均反应水平。我们比较了青春期前和青春期后儿童以及成年人绝经前和绝经后的估计性别差异。15至45岁的女性比同龄男性的血氧饱和度更高，血清碳酸氢盐水平或呼气末二氧化碳水平更低。对于血氧饱和度和两种二氧化碳测量指标，绝经前成年女性的平均性别差异大于绝经后成年女性。女性一生中的血氧饱和度都高于男性；然而，这种差异在老年人中消失了。月经初潮至绝经期间的女性比同龄男性的呼气末二氧化碳和血清碳酸氢盐水平显著更低。然而，绝经后，女性的呼气末二氧化碳和血清碳酸氢盐平均水平似乎高于男性。
