Jiang Xiaona, Qu Feihu, Ge Yanlong, Li Chitao, Shi Xiaodan, Hu Xuesong, Cheng Lei, Zhao Xinyu, Jia Zhiying
Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150076, China.
Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Biotechnology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150076, China.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Jun 18;15(12):1800. doi: 10.3390/ani15121800.
An appropriate protein content in the diet can effectively increase the growth rate, muscle quality, and environmental stress resistance of fish. In this study, juvenile Yellow River carp (51.56 ± 0.17 g) were fed isofat diets with different protein concentrations (22%, 25%, 28%, 31%, 34%, and 37%). The results showed that, compared with other protein content groups, when the protein content was 34%, the WGR, SGR, and FCR were significantly higher, while the FCR was significantly lower ( < 0.05). Among them, the SGR and FCR were positively correlated with the dietary protein content, with the regression equations being y = -32.208x + 21.897x - 1.4001 (R = 0.8622) and y = 97.027x - 68.428x + 13.269 (R = 0.9663), respectively. When x was 33.99% and 35.26%, the SGR and FCR had extreme values. The contents of CP, Lys, EAA, and EAA/TAA were significantly greater in the 34% protein group, reflecting muscle quality ( < 0.05). In addition, the activities of α-AMS, LPS, TPS, SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px were significantly greater in the 34% protein group ( < 0.05). Similarly, the relative expression levels of , , , , , , and were significantly greater in the 34% protein group compared to the other protein groups ( < 0.05). The above results indicated that when the protein content in the diet was 34%, it significantly improved the growth and stress resistance of juvenile Yellow River carp. Based on the nonlinear regression equations for the SGR and FCR, the optimal dietary protein content of juvenile Yellow River carp (51.56 ± 0.17 g) was determined to be 33.99-35.26%.
日粮中适宜的蛋白质含量可有效提高鱼类的生长速度、肌肉品质及抗环境应激能力。本研究中，用不同蛋白质浓度（22%、25%、28%、31%、34%和37%）的等脂肪日粮投喂黄河鲤幼鱼（51.56±0.17 g）。结果表明，与其他蛋白质含量组相比，当蛋白质含量为34%时，增重率（WGR）、特定生长率（SGR）显著更高，而饲料系数（FCR）显著更低（P<0.05）。其中，SGR和FCR与日粮蛋白质含量呈正相关，回归方程分别为y = -32.208x² + 21.897x - 1.4001（R = 0.8622）和y = 97.027x² - 68.428x + 13.269（R = 0.9663）。当x为33.99%和35.26%时，SGR和FCR出现极值。34%蛋白质组的粗蛋白（CP）、赖氨酸（Lys）、必需氨基酸（EAA）含量及EAA/TAA显著更高，反映出肌肉品质更好（P<0.05）。此外，34%蛋白质组的α-淀粉酶（α-AMS）、脂肪酶（LPS）、海藻糖酶（TPS）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性显著更高（P<0.05）。同样，与其他蛋白质组相比，34%蛋白质组中相关基因的相对表达水平显著更高（P<0.05）。上述结果表明，当日粮蛋白质含量为34%时，可显著提高黄河鲤幼鱼的生长性能和抗应激能力。基于SGR和FCR的非线性回归方程，确定黄河鲤幼鱼（51.56±0.17 g）的最适日粮蛋白质含量为33.99 - 35.26%。
