通过联合DNA甲基化和转录组学分析流程鉴定结直肠癌生物标志物

Colorectal Cancer Biomarker Identification via Joint DNA-Methylation and Transcriptomics Analysis Workflow.

作者信息

Oladapo Olajumoke B, Moussa Marmar R

机构信息

Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA.

School of Computer Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA.

出版信息

Genes (Basel). 2025 May 23;16(6):620. doi: 10.3390/genes16060620.

Abstract

: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a term that refers to the combination of colon and rectal cancer as they are being treated as a single tumor. In CRC, 72% of tumors are colon cancer, while the other 28% represent rectal cancer. CRC is a multifactorial disease caused by both genetic and epigenetic changes in the colon mucosal cells, affecting the oncogenes, DNA repair genes, and tumor suppressor genes. Currently, two DNA methylation-based biomarkers for CRC have received FDA approval: , used in blood-based screening tests, and a combination of and for stool-based tests. Although DNA methylation biomarkers have been explored in colorectal cancer (CRC), the identification of robust and clinically valuable biomarkers remains a challenge, particularly for early-stage detection and precancerous lesions. Patients often receive diagnoses at the locally advanced stage, which limits the potential utility of current biomarkers in clinical settings. : The datasets used in this study were retrieved from the GEO database, specifically GSE75548 and GSE75546 for rectal cancer and GSE50760 and GSE101764 for colon cancer, summing up to a total of 130 paired samples. These datasets represent expression profiling by array, methylation profiling by genome tiling array, and expression profiling by high-throughput sequencing and include rectal and colon cancer samples paired with adjacent normal tissue samples. Differential analysis was used to identify differentially methylated CPG sites (DMCs) and identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). : From the integration of DMCs with DEGs in colorectal cancer, we identified 150 candidates for methylation-regulated genes (MRGs) with two genes common across all cohorts ( and ) highlighted as candidate biomarkers in CRC. The functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interactions (PPIs) identified relevant pathways involved in CRC, including the Wnt signaling pathway, extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, among other enriched pathways. : Our findings show the strength of our in silco computational approach in jointly identifying methylation-regulated biomarkers for colon cancer and highlight several genes and pathways as biomarker candidates for further investigations.

摘要

结直肠癌(CRC)是一个术语,指的是结肠癌和直肠癌的统称,因为它们被当作单一肿瘤进行治疗。在结直肠癌中,72%的肿瘤为结肠癌,而另外28%为直肠癌。结直肠癌是一种多因素疾病,由结肠黏膜细胞中的基因和表观遗传变化引起,影响癌基因、DNA修复基因和肿瘤抑制基因。目前,两种基于DNA甲基化的结直肠癌生物标志物已获得美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)批准:一种用于基于血液的筛查测试,另一种是用于基于粪便测试的两种标志物的组合。尽管DNA甲基化生物标志物已在结直肠癌(CRC)中得到探索,但鉴定强大且具有临床价值的生物标志物仍然是一项挑战,特别是对于早期检测和癌前病变。患者通常在局部晚期才得到诊断,这限制了当前生物标志物在临床环境中的潜在效用。:本研究中使用的数据集是从基因表达综合数据库(GEO)中检索的,具体来说,直肠癌的数据集为GSE75548和GSE75546,结肠癌的数据集为GSE50760和GSE101764,总计130对样本。这些数据集代表了通过阵列进行的表达谱分析、通过基因组平铺阵列进行的甲基化谱分析以及通过高通量测序进行的表达谱分析,并且包括与相邻正常组织样本配对的直肠癌和结肠癌样本。差异分析用于识别差异甲基化的CPG位点(DMC)并鉴定差异表达基因(DEG)。:通过将结直肠癌中的DMC与DEG整合,我们鉴定出150个甲基化调节基因(MRG)候选基因,其中有两个基因在所有队列中都存在(和),被突出显示为结直肠癌的候选生物标志物。功能富集分析和蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)确定了与结直肠癌相关的途径,包括Wnt信号通路、细胞外基质(ECM)组织等其他富集途径。:我们的研究结果显示了我们的计算机模拟计算方法在联合鉴定结肠癌甲基化调节生物标志物方面的优势,并突出了几个基因和途径作为进一步研究的生物标志物候选者。

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