Wu Xia, Zuo Zizhen, Li Jiajia, Fu Jianhui, Zhong Jincheng, Wang Hui, Shi Haitao, Huang Yanling, Wang Haibo
Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Foods. 2025 Jun 15;14(12):2102. doi: 10.3390/foods14122102.
Yak () meat is popular with a unique flavor and high nutritional value. This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with rumen-protected methionine (RPM) on meat quality, fatty acid composition, volatile flavor compounds, and transcriptomics of of yak. Twenty-four male Maiwa yaks were selected and assigned to four groups: basal diet (CON), or supplementation of 5 g/d (RPM5), 10 g/d (RPM10), and 15 g/d (RPM15) RPM. The dose-dependent effects of RPM levels were evaluated through linear or quadratic trend analysis. The results showed that diet supplementation with RPM increased the intramuscular fat contents, improved composition of volatile flavor compounds and the ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids. Compared to the CON group, there were 36, 84 and 23 up-regulated genes, and 85, 94 and 70 down-regulated genes in the RPM5, RPM10 and RPM15 groups, respectively. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed significant differentially expressed genes enrichment in biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions across RPM5, RPM10, and RPM15 groups compared to the CON. KEGG pathway analysis revealed 99, 169, and 104 enriched pathways in RPM5, RPM10, and RPM15 groups, respectively. In summary, the addition of RPM to diets may provide new ideas and methods to improve meat quality of yaks.
牦牛肉味道独特，营养价值高，很受欢迎。本研究调查了日粮中添加瘤胃保护性蛋氨酸（RPM）对牦牛肉品质、脂肪酸组成、挥发性风味化合物和转录组学的影响。选取24头麦洼雄性牦牛，分为四组：基础日粮组（CON），以及分别添加5 g/d（RPM5）、10 g/d（RPM10）和15 g/d（RPM15）RPM的组。通过线性或二次趋势分析评估RPM水平的剂量依赖性效应。结果表明，日粮中添加RPM可提高肌内脂肪含量，改善挥发性风味化合物组成以及单不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比例。与CON组相比，RPM5、RPM10和RPM15组分别有36、84和23个上调基因，以及85、94和70个下调基因。基因本体富集分析显示，与CON组相比，RPM5、RPM10和RPM15组在生物学过程、细胞成分和分子功能方面有显著差异表达基因富集。KEGG通路分析显示，RPM5、RPM10和RPM15组分别有99、169和104条富集通路。总之日粮中添加RPM可能为改善牦牛肉品质提供新的思路和方法。
