Bai Shahla Hosseini, Randall Bruce, Gama Repson, Gua Basil, Keli Doni, Brooks Peter, Elliott Brittany, Wallace Helen M
School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD 4558, Australia.
Foods. 2025 Jun 19;14(12):2147. doi: 10.3390/foods14122147.
Food security remains one of the most critical global challenges of the 21st century. Traditional tree crops domesticated by indigenous people have the potential to increase food security and improve the livelihoods of smallholders in developing countries. However, the nut characteristics of many traditional tree crop species in the tropics are poorly understood. In particular, physical and chemical characteristics are important to explore when selecting trees to commercialise. Three species, , , and , have a long history of traditional use and domestication in Pacific Island countries. The aim of this study was to explore the physical and chemical characteristics of spp. in three Pacific countries: Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, and Fiji. There were significant differences in kernel weight, oil concentration, and fatty acid concentration among the countries. The kernel weight was significantly higher in Solomon Islands compared with those in Vanuatu and Fiji (9.65 g, 7.61 g, and 5.64 g, respectively). Average kernel weight in Fiji was well above 3 g, which indicated that processing could be commercially viable. The total oil concentration was significantly higher in Vanuatu and Solomon Islands than Fiji, with average concentrations of 38.96% in Solomon Islands, 47.11% in Vanuatu, and 26.20% in Fiji. spp. exhibited high concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids, similar to other tropical nuts, which suggests that it may be a potential healthy oil for human consumption. Notably, kernel size, oil concentration, and fatty acid composition varied geographically, potentially due to climatic differences and historical seed transfer. Our study demonstrated the potential of to be commercialised to enhance food and nutrition security and provide a guide for cultivar selection.
粮食安全仍然是21世纪最关键的全球挑战之一。由原住民驯化的传统木本作物有潜力增强粮食安全并改善发展中国家小农户的生计。然而，热带地区许多传统木本作物物种的坚果特性却鲜为人知。特别是在选择用于商业化的树木时，物理和化学特性是重要的探索内容。三种物种，[此处原文未给出具体物种名称]，在太平洋岛国有着悠久的传统使用和驯化历史。本研究的目的是探索这三种物种在所罗门群岛、瓦努阿图和斐济这三个太平洋国家的物理和化学特性。各国之间在果仁重量、油浓度和脂肪酸浓度方面存在显著差异。所罗门群岛的果仁重量显著高于瓦努阿图和斐济（分别为9.65克、7.61克和5.64克）。斐济的平均果仁重量远高于3克，这表明加工在商业上可能是可行的。瓦努阿图和所罗门群岛的总油浓度显著高于斐济，所罗门群岛的平均浓度为38.96%，瓦努阿图为47.11%，斐济为26.20%。[此处原文未给出具体物种名称]物种表现出高浓度的不饱和脂肪酸，与其他热带坚果相似，这表明它可能是一种潜在的健康食用油。值得注意的是，果仁大小、油浓度和脂肪酸组成在地理上存在差异，这可能是由于气候差异和历史上的种子转移。我们的研究证明了[此处原文未给出具体物种名称]商业化以增强粮食和营养安全的潜力，并为品种选择提供了指导。
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