Seabra Joana Pereira, Kaltwasser Laura, Mylius Maik, Gallese Vittorio
Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany.
Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Neuroimage Rep. 2022 Jul 20;2(3):100117. doi: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100117. eCollection 2022 Sep.
Expertise in several areas appears to modulate neurocognitive processes. These processes have been observed to differ in visual arts experts compared to the general population. Here, we aimed to investigate whether visual artists' neural responses to tasks within and outside their field of expertise are contrasting to the responses of non-experts. Fifteen visual artists' and fifteen non-artists' EEG measures were recorded as each participant was presented with two consecutive tasks: face perception and drawing. Face perception activities were assessed by comparing the groups' amplitude and latency of the N170 in response to complete and incomplete faces. Artists exhibited a larger N170 amplitude to facial stimuli than non-artists, pointing toward significance. Complete faces elicited the stronger response for both groups. A cluster-based permutation test showed that alpha frequency, previously linked to expertise, significantly differed between the artist and nonartists groups during drawing. Our results suggest differing neurocognitive processing for artists compared to non-artists in both field-specific and nonfield-specific tasks, in that expertise in drawing impacts neuronal activity in response to faces.
多个领域的专业知识似乎会调节神经认知过程。与普通人群相比，视觉艺术专家的这些过程有所不同。在此，我们旨在研究视觉艺术家对其专业领域内外任务的神经反应是否与非专家的反应形成对比。记录了15位视觉艺术家和15位非艺术家的脑电图测量数据，每位参与者都要完成两项连续任务：面部感知和绘画。通过比较两组对完整和不完整面部的N170波幅和潜伏期来评估面部感知活动。艺术家对面部刺激的N170波幅比非艺术家更大，这表明具有显著性差异。完整面部在两组中都引发了更强的反应。基于聚类的置换检验表明，先前与专业知识相关的阿尔法频率在绘画过程中艺术家组和非艺术家组之间存在显著差异。我们的结果表明，在特定领域和非特定领域的任务中，艺术家与非艺术家的神经认知处理方式不同，即绘画专业知识会影响对面部的神经元活动。
