Rong Feilong, Lin Yuanshan, Zhang Manyun, Cai Zhengwu, Wu Liqun, Chen Falin
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
J Environ Manage. 2025 Aug;390:126314. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126314. Epub 2025 Jun 25.
Agricultural waste has tremendous potential for resource utilization. To promote sustainable straw utilization, a novel bio-organic fertilizer (BOF) was produced by combining rice straw and Bacillus methylotrophicus (YH-158) that can produce alkaline xylanase to accelerate straw decomposition. Based on a one-year micro-plot experiment with chemical fertilization as the control, this study assessed the effects of BOF application gradients (4, 6, and 8 t ha) on EMF in acidic paddy soils through the quantification of 16 individual ecosystem functions, and explored the underlying mechanisms linking EMF to soil microbial communities. The results revealed a significant positive correlation between BOF application rates and EMF (R = 0.734, P < 0.001). Compared to chemical fertilization alone, BOF treatments enhanced EMF by 68.16 %-93.44 %. BOF application increased soil pH and bacterial biomass, changed microbial community composition, and enhanced the intensity and Shannon's index of carbon metabolism. These indicators were significantly related to EMF, with carbon metabolism functional diversity (r = 0.826, P < 0.001) exhibiting the strongest relationship with EMF. Partial least squares path modeling showed that BOF improved EMF by altering microbial community composition (standardized coefficients = 0.468, P = 0.057) and functional diversity (standardized coefficients = 0.490, P < 0.05). Moreover, BOF promoted a shift toward a bacterial-dominated process through pH elevation. These findings suggested that straw-derived BOF application enhanced EMF by optimizing the composition and functional diversity of soil microbial communities. Specifically, high BOF inputs were more effective in enhancing EMF in acidic paddy fields.
农业废弃物具有巨大的资源利用潜力。为促进秸秆的可持续利用，通过将稻草与能产生碱性木聚糖酶以加速秸秆分解的甲基营养芽孢杆菌（YH - 158）相结合，制备了一种新型生物有机肥（BOF）。本研究以化肥为对照进行了为期一年的微区试验，通过对16种个体生态系统功能进行量化，评估了BOF施用量梯度（4、6和8 t·ha）对酸性稻田土壤生态系统多功能性（EMF）的影响，并探究了EMF与土壤微生物群落之间的潜在联系机制。结果显示，BOF施用量与EMF之间存在显著正相关（R = 0.734，P < 0.001）。与单独施用化肥相比，BOF处理使EMF提高了68.16% - 93.44%。施用BOF提高了土壤pH值和细菌生物量，改变了微生物群落组成，并增强了碳代谢的强度和香农指数。这些指标与EMF显著相关，其中碳代谢功能多样性（r = 0.826，P < 0.001）与EMF的关系最为密切。偏最小二乘路径模型表明，BOF通过改变微生物群落组成（标准化系数 = 0.468，P = 0.057）和功能多样性（标准化系数 = 0.490，P < 0.05）来改善EMF。此外，BOF通过提高pH值促进了向以细菌为主导过程的转变。这些发现表明，施用秸秆源BOF通过优化土壤微生物群落的组成和功能多样性来增强EMF。具体而言，高BOF投入量在增强酸性稻田EMF方面更有效。
