Dong Qianqian, Ji Zhanquan, Wang Hui, Duan Wan, Cao Wenli, Li Wenshuo, Jia Yangyang
College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
Microorganisms. 2025 Jun 14;13(6):1393. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13061393.
Increased precipitation and nitrogen (N) deposition critically influence ecological processes and stability in desert ecosystems. Studying how the soil microbial community responds to these climatic changes will improve our understanding of the impacts of climate changes on arid environments. Therefore, we conducted a field experiment in the Gurbantunggut Desert, applying phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis to assess the responses of soil microbial community to climate change. We found that in years with normal precipitation, increased precipitation promoted soil bacterial growth, whereas in drought years, increased N deposition promoted soil bacterial growth more effectively. Although soil microbial diversity did not change significantly overall, it decreased with increasing N deposition. Random forest analysis and linear regression analysis indicated that soil pH and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) were the main drivers for the changes in soil microbial community. Structural equation modeling (SEM) further revealed that increased precipitation increased soil Gram-positive bacteria (G) by raising soil MBC, while decreasing soil Actinomycetes (Act), fungi, and Dark Septate Endophyte (DSE). In contrast, increased N deposition affected soil microbial community by altering soil pH and MBC. Our results highlight the synergistic effects of increased precipitation and N deposition on soil microbial community structure. Further research should pay more attention to the effects of climate changes on soil microbial communities with long-term monitoring to confirm our findings across different ecosystems.
降水增加和氮（N）沉降对沙漠生态系统的生态过程和稳定性具有至关重要的影响。研究土壤微生物群落如何响应这些气候变化，将增进我们对气候变化对干旱环境影响的理解。因此，我们在古尔班通古特沙漠开展了一项田间试验，运用磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）分析来评估土壤微生物群落对气候变化的响应。我们发现，在降水正常的年份，降水增加促进了土壤细菌的生长，而在干旱年份，氮沉降增加对土壤细菌生长的促进作用更为有效。尽管土壤微生物多样性总体上没有显著变化，但随着氮沉降增加而降低。随机森林分析和线性回归分析表明，土壤pH值和微生物生物量碳（MBC）是土壤微生物群落变化的主要驱动因素。结构方程模型（SEM）进一步揭示，降水增加通过提高土壤MBC增加了土壤革兰氏阳性菌（G），同时减少了土壤放线菌（Act）、真菌和深色有隔内生菌（DSE）。相反，氮沉降增加通过改变土壤pH值和MBC影响土壤微生物群落。我们的研究结果突出了降水增加和氮沉降对土壤微生物群落结构的协同效应。未来的研究应通过长期监测更加关注气候变化对土壤微生物群落的影响，以在不同生态系统中验证我们的研究结果。
