Panetta T, Sclafani S J, Goldstein A S, Phillips T F, Shaftan G W
J Trauma. 1985 Nov;25(11):1021-9.
The effectiveness of transcatheter embolization was studied prospectively from January 1977 through July 1984 in 31 patients with extensive pelvic fractures, hypotension, and large retroperitoneal hematomas. The indications for angiography in patients with pelvic fractures included: four or more units of blood transfusion within 24 hours, six or more units of blood transfusion within 48 hours, negative or borderline peritoneal tap and lavage in an unstable patient, or large pelvic retroperitoneal hematoma discovered at time of celiotomy. Successful embolization with complete control of hemorrhage was achieved in 27 patients (87.1%). Overall mortality was 35.5%, but was primarily due to associated injuries. Percutaneous transcatheter embolization was the procedure of choice for controlling massive pelvic retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Early embolization was imperative in reducing transfusion requirements and associated complications.
1977年1月至1984年7月，对31例骨盆广泛骨折、低血压及巨大腹膜后血肿患者进行了前瞻性经导管栓塞术有效性研究。骨盆骨折患者血管造影的指征包括：24小时内输血4个单位以上、48小时内输血6个单位以上、不稳定患者腹腔穿刺和灌洗阴性或临界值，或剖腹术时发现巨大骨盆腹膜后血肿。27例患者（87.1%）成功栓塞，出血得到完全控制。总体死亡率为35.5%，但主要是由于合并伤。经皮经导管栓塞术是控制骨盆腹膜后大出血的首选方法。早期栓塞对于减少输血需求及相关并发症至关重要。
