Martinez Victoria, McAngus Kay, Dickerson Broderick L, Leonard Megan, Chavez Elena, Chun Jisun, Lewis Megan, Xing Dante, Gonzalez Drew E, Yoo Choongsung, Ko Joungbo, Rhodes Heather, Lee Hudson, Sowinski Ryan J, Rasmussen Christopher J, Kreider Richard B
Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Human Clinical Research Facility, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Nutrients. 2025 Jun 19;17(12):2042. doi: 10.3390/nu17122042.
Exercise and nutritional interventions are often recommended to help manage risk related to metabolic syndrome (MetSyn). The co-ingestion of (PE) with trivalent chromium (Cr) has been purported to improve the bioavailability of chromium and enhance endothelial function, reduce platelet aggregation, and help manage blood glucose as well as lipid levels. Shilajit (SJ) has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, adaptogenic, immunomodulatory, and lipid-lowering properties. This study evaluated whether dietary supplementation with Cr, PE, and SJ, or PE alone, during an exercise and diet intervention may help individuals with risk factors to MetSyn experience greater benefits. : In total, 166 sedentary men and women with at least two markers of metabolic syndrome participated in a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm, and repeated-measure intervention study, of which 109 completed the study (48.6 ± 10 yrs., 34.2 ± 6 kg/m, 41.3 ± 7% fat). All volunteers participated in a 12-week exercise program (supervised resistance and endurance exercise 3 days/week with walking 10,000 steps/day on non-training days) and were instructed to reduce energy intake by -5 kcals/kg/d. Participants were matched by age, sex, BMI, and body mass for the double-blind and randomized supplementation of a placebo (PLA), 500 mg of PE (PE-500), 1000 mg/d of PE (PE-1000), 400 µg of trivalent chromium (Cr) with 6 mg of PE and 6 mg of SJ (Cr-400), or 800 µg of trivalent chromium with 12 mg of PE and 12 mg of SJ (Cr-800) once a day for 12 weeks. Data were obtained at 0, 6, and 12 weeks of supplementation, and analyzed using general linear model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures, pairwise comparisons, and mean changes from the baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). : Compared to PLA responses, there was some evidence ( < 0.05 or approaching significance, > 0.05 to < 0.10) that PE and/or Cr with PE and SJ supplementation improved pulse wave velocity, flow-mediated dilation, platelet aggregation, insulin sensitivity, and blood lipid profiles while promoting more optimal changes in body composition, strength, and aerobic capacity. Differences among groups were more consistently seen at 6 weeks rather than 12 weeks. While some benefits were seen at both dosages, greater benefits were more consistently observed with PE-1000 and Cr-800 ingestion. : The results suggest that PE and Cr with PE and SJ supplementation may enhance some exercise- and diet-induced changes in markers of health in overweight individuals with at least two risk factors to MetSyn. Registered clinical trial #NCT06641596.
运动和营养干预常常被推荐用于帮助管理与代谢综合征（MetSyn）相关的风险。据称，将（PE）与三价铬（Cr）共同摄入可提高铬的生物利用度，增强内皮功能，减少血小板聚集，并有助于控制血糖以及血脂水平。据报道，希拉季特（SJ）具有抗炎、适应原性、免疫调节和降脂特性。本研究评估了在运动和饮食干预期间，补充铬、PE和SJ或单独补充PE，是否能帮助有MetSyn风险因素的个体获得更大益处。：总共166名久坐不动的男性和女性，他们至少有两项代谢综合征指标，参与了一项随机、安慰剂对照、平行组和重复测量的干预研究，其中109人完成了研究（年龄48.6±10岁，体重指数34.2±6kg/m，体脂率41.3±7%）。所有志愿者都参加了一个为期12周的运动项目（每周3天进行有监督的抗阻和耐力运动，非训练日每天步行10000步），并被要求将能量摄入减少-5千卡/千克/天。参与者根据年龄、性别、体重指数和体重进行匹配，以进行双盲随机补充安慰剂（PLA）、500毫克PE（PE-500）、每天1000毫克PE（PE-1000）、400微克三价铬与6毫克PE和6毫克SJ（Cr-400），或800微克三价铬与12毫克PE和12毫克SJ（Cr-800），每天一次，持续12周。在补充的第0、6和12周获取数据，并使用重复测量的一般线性模型多变量和单变量分析、成对比较以及与基线相比的平均变化和95%置信区间（CIs）进行分析。：与PLA的反应相比，有一些证据（P<0.05或接近显著性，0.05<P<0.10）表明，补充PE和/或铬与PE和SJ可改善脉搏波速度、血流介导的舒张、血小板聚集、胰岛素敏感性和血脂谱，同时促进身体成分、力量和有氧能力发生更理想的变化。在6周时比12周时更一致地观察到组间差异。虽然在两种剂量下都观察到了一些益处，但摄入PE-1000和Cr-800时更一致地观察到更大的益处。：结果表明，补充PE和铬与PE和SJ可能会增强一些运动和饮食引起的、在至少有两项MetSyn风险因素的超重个体健康指标方面的变化。注册临床试验#NCT06641596。
