Teleanu Raluca Ioana, Moldoveanu Elena-Theodora, Niculescu Adelina-Gabriela, Predescu Elena, Roza Eugenia, Tincu Iulia Florentina, Grumezescu Alexandru Mihai, Teleanu Daniel Mihai
Department of Neuroscience, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.
Pediatric Neurology Department, "Dr. Victor Gomoiu" Clinical Children's Hospital, 022102 Bucharest, Romania.
Pharmaceutics. 2025 May 28;17(6):707. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics17060707.
The intestine is an important segment of the gastrointestinal tract, which is involved in complex processes that maintain the body's normal homeostasis. It hosts a vast, diverse, and dynamic microbial community called the gut microbiota, which develops from birth. It has been observed that the gut microbiota is involved in essential physiological processes, including the development of the central nervous system via the gut microbiota-brain axis. An alteration of the gut microbiota can lead to serious health problems, including defective neurodevelopment. Thus, this paper aims to highlight the most recent advances in studies that focus on the link between the gut microbiota and the evolution of neurodevelopmental diseases in children. Currently, studies show that the use of drugs that stimulate and restore the gut microbiota (e.g., probiotics and prebiotics) have the potential to alleviate some of the symptoms associated with conditions such as Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Tic Disorder, Tourette Syndrome, epilepsy, and Down Syndrome. In addition, due to the challenges associated with drug administration in children, as well as the widespread shortage of medications intended for pediatric use, researchers are working on the development of new delivery systems. Liposome-based systems or solid lipid nanoparticles have been safely used for drug delivery in various pediatric conditions, which may also indicate their potential for use in the administration of microbiota-modulating therapies.
肠道是胃肠道的一个重要部分，它参与维持身体正常内稳态的复杂过程。它容纳着一个庞大、多样且动态的微生物群落，称为肠道微生物群，该群落从出生时就开始发育。据观察，肠道微生物群参与重要的生理过程，包括通过肠道微生物群 - 脑轴参与中枢神经系统的发育。肠道微生物群的改变会导致严重的健康问题，包括神经发育缺陷。因此，本文旨在强调聚焦于肠道微生物群与儿童神经发育疾病演变之间联系的研究的最新进展。目前，研究表明，使用刺激和恢复肠道微生物群的药物（如益生菌和益生元）有可能缓解与自闭症谱系障碍、注意力缺陷多动障碍、抽动障碍、妥瑞氏综合征、癫痫和唐氏综合征等病症相关的一些症状。此外，由于儿童给药面临挑战，以及儿科用药普遍短缺，研究人员正在致力于开发新的给药系统。基于脂质体的系统或固体脂质纳米粒已在各种儿科病症中安全用于药物递送，这也可能表明它们在微生物群调节疗法给药方面的应用潜力。
