常春藤叶干提取物EA 575是一种作用于树突状细胞的强效免疫调节剂。
Ivy Leaf Dry Extract EA 575 Is a Potent Immunomodulator Acting on Dendritic Cells.
作者信息
Čolić Miodrag, Tomić Sergej, Bekić Marina, Dubovina Anđela, Häberlein Hanns, Rademaekers André, Mašić Srđan, Bokonjić Dejan
机构信息
Medical Department, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
出版信息
Pharmaceutics. 2025 Jun 12;17(6):773. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics17060773.
: Ivy leaf extract has been shown to alleviate bronchial infection symptoms through various mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory effects. However, its impact on adaptive immunity, particularly dendritic cell (DC)/T-cell interactions, remains unexplored. This study investigated the immunomodulatory potential of ivy leaf extract (EA 575) using human monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs). : Immature MoDCs (imMoDCs) were differentiated with IL-4/GM-CSF and matured with LPS/IFN-γ (mMoDCs). MoDCs, treated with EA 575 during differentiation, were co-cultured with purified T cells. : EA 575 (non-cytotoxic up to 100 µg/mL) inhibited MoDC differentiation and maturation by reducing the expression of CD1a, CD83, CD40, CD86, HLA-DR, Dectin-1, CD206, CD209, HIF-1α, and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-12, IL-23, IL-27, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α). EA 575-treated mMoDCs suppressed allogeneic T-cell proliferation and reduced Th1 (IFN-γ), Th17 (IL-17A, IL-22), Th9 (IL-9), Th21 (IL-21), TNF-α, and IL-6 responses. Effects were dose-dependent, with higher concentrations (100 µg/mL) showing stronger inhibition. At lower concentrations (20 µg/mL), EA 575 increased Th2 (IL-4, IL-5) and IL-10 responses, and the frequencies of CD4+ T cells with Treg properties, such as CD25hiFoxp3+, Tr1 (IL-10+Foxp3-), and IL-35+ Foxp3+ cells. Immunoregulatory mechanisms mediated by EA 575-treated mMoDCs correlated with the upregulation of tolerogenic markers (PD-L1, ILT3, ILT4, IDO1) on mMoDCs and the increased frequency of exhausted CD4+ T cells (PD-1+CD69+) and cytotoxic T cells (Granzyme B+PD-1+). : EA 575 induces tolerogenic DCs with significant anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties, a previously undescribed phenomenon. Lower concentrations primarily enhance immunoregulatory responses, while higher concentrations exert more pronounced anti-inflammatory effects.
常春藤叶提取物已被证明可通过多种机制缓解支气管感染症状,包括抗炎作用。然而,其对适应性免疫的影响,特别是树突状细胞(DC)/T细胞相互作用,仍未得到探索。本研究使用人单核细胞衍生的DC(MoDC)研究了常春藤叶提取物(EA 575)的免疫调节潜力。未成熟的MoDC(imMoDC)用IL-4/GM-CSF分化,并用LPS/IFN-γ使其成熟(mMoDC)。在分化过程中用EA 575处理的MoDC与纯化的T细胞共培养。EA 575(高达100μg/mL无细胞毒性)通过降低CD1a、CD83、CD40、CD86、HLA-DR、Dectin-1、CD206、CD209、HIF-1α和促炎细胞因子(IL-12、IL-23、IL-27、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α)的表达来抑制MoDC的分化和成熟。经EA 575处理的mMoDC抑制同种异体T细胞增殖,并降低Th1(IFN-γ)、Th17(IL-17A、IL-22)、Th9(IL-9)、Th21(IL-21)、TNF-α和IL-6反应。效应呈剂量依赖性,较高浓度(100μg/mL)显示出更强的抑制作用。在较低浓度(20μg/mL)下,EA 575增加Th2(IL-4、IL-5)和IL-10反应,以及具有Treg特性的CD4+T细胞的频率,如CD25hiFoxp3+、Tr1(IL-10+Foxp3-)和IL-35+Foxp3+细胞。经EA 575处理的mMoDC介导的免疫调节机制与mMoDC上耐受性标志物(PD-L1、ILT3、ILT4、IDO1)的上调以及耗竭的CD4+T细胞(PD-1+CD69+)和细胞毒性T细胞(颗粒酶B+PD-1+)频率的增加相关。EA 575诱导具有显著抗炎和免疫调节特性的耐受性DC,这是一种以前未描述的现象。较低浓度主要增强免疫调节反应,而较高浓度则发挥更明显的抗炎作用。