Alanazi Khalid K, Robaian Alqahtani Ali, Alshehri Abdullah Mohammed, Alqahtani Abdullah Ali, Almudahi Abdulellah, Al-Mansour Omar Abdulaziz, Al-Harbi Nawaf Abdullah, Alqahtani Sultan Sahman Abdulrahman, Raffat Hussein Eman Mohamed, Soliman Tarek Ahmed
Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 16278, Saudi Arabia.
Dental Hospital, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 16278, Saudi Arabia.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Jun 19;17(12):1711. doi: 10.3390/polym17121711.
There are very few studies in literature concerning the bonding between 3D-printed resin posts and the core build-up material. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the adhesion of 3D-printed and milled resin posts to composite resin core build-up material following different surface treatments. Three types of resin posts were utilized in this study: ready-made glass-reinforced fiber post (3M ESPE, Germany), milled PEEK POST (Bredent, Germany), and 3D-printed resin post (CROWNTEC, Saremco Dental AG, Switzerland). Each type of post was categorized into three groups based on surface treatments: C: untreated surfaces; SB: Air abrasion with 50 μm aluminum oxide particles was applied to the posts' surfaces.; HO: the posts' surfaces were immersed in 30% HO for 5 min. A dual-cured composite resin (Grandio DC; VOCO) was utilized for core build-up in each group to evaluate adhesion through the push-out bond strength test. The modes of failure were analyzed, and the surface morphology of the post was characterized using SEM. Data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) along with Tukey's test. The two-way ANOVA indicated a significant effect for surface treatment (F = 583.54, < 001), post type (F = 79.96, < 0.001), and their interactions (F = 265.74, < 0.001). Regarding 3D-printed resin post, 30% HO for 5 min recorded the highest statistically significant bond strength value (13.11 ± 1.61) compared to other groups. Regarding the milled PEEK post, the air particle abrasion recorded the highest statistically significant value (23.88 ± 1.66) compared to other groups. Adhesive failure was the predominant failure type, with an occurrence rate of 70.35%. Mixed failure was noted in 24.07% of the cases, with a significant prevalence in the PEEK post within the air particle abrasion group (58.3%). Cohesive failure was noted in 5.54% of cases, with a significant prevalence in the air particle abrasion group, occurring at rates of 16.6% in the resin fiber post group and 33.3% in PEEK posts. Air particle abrasion significantly improved the push-out bond strength of milled PEEK posts, but it did not have a similar effect on the 3D-printed resin posts. The application of 30% HO for 5 min to 3D-printed resin post enhanced the adhesion to core build-up material. The manufacturing method of posts, the surface treatments utilized, and their interactions affect the interfacial bond strength between posts and the composite resin core build-up material.
文献中关于3D打印树脂桩与核桩修复材料之间粘结的研究非常少。本研究旨在评估和比较经过不同表面处理的3D打印树脂桩和铣削树脂桩与复合树脂核桩修复材料的粘结力。本研究使用了三种类型的树脂桩：现成的玻璃纤维增强桩（德国3M ESPE公司）、铣削聚醚醚酮桩（德国Bredent公司）和3D打印树脂桩（瑞士Saremco Dental AG公司的CROWNTEC）。每种类型的桩根据表面处理分为三组：C组：未处理表面；SB组：用50μm氧化铝颗粒进行空气喷砂处理桩表面；HO组：将桩表面浸入30%过氧化氢中5分钟。每组均使用双固化复合树脂（Grandio DC；VOCO）进行核桩修复，通过推出粘结强度试验评估粘结力。分析了失效模式，并使用扫描电子显微镜对桩的表面形态进行了表征。数据采用双向方差分析（ANOVA）和Tukey检验进行分析。双向方差分析表明，表面处理（F = 583.54，P < 0.001）、桩类型（F = 79.96，P < 0.001）及其相互作用（F = 265.74，P < 0.001）具有显著影响。对于3D打印树脂桩，与其他组相比，浸入30%过氧化氢中5分钟的组记录的粘结强度值在统计学上最高（13.11±1.61）。对于铣削聚醚醚酮桩，空气颗粒喷砂处理记录的粘结强度值在统计学上最高（23.88±1.66）。粘结失败是主要的失败类型，发生率为70.35%。在24.07%的病例中观察到混合失败，在空气颗粒喷砂处理组的聚醚醚酮桩中显著普遍（58.3%）。在5.54%的病例中观察到内聚性失败，在空气颗粒喷砂处理组中显著普遍，在树脂纤维桩组中的发生率为16.6%，在聚醚醚酮桩中的发生率为33.3%。空气颗粒喷砂处理显著提高了铣削聚醚醚酮桩的推出粘结强度，但对3D打印树脂桩没有类似影响。将3D打印树脂桩浸入30%过氧化氢中5分钟可增强与核桩修复材料的粘结力。桩的制造方法、使用的表面处理及其相互作用会影响桩与复合树脂核桩修复材料之间的界面粘结强度。
