Xu Qiumiao, Yan Qinghong, Dai Zhijiang, Chen Xiaoting, Liu Tongwei, Peng Chengjin, Huang Guoxin, Liu Xinyao, Wang Jingbin
Department of Spleen and Stomach, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Shenzhen Hospital (Futian), Shenzhen, China.
The Sixth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
Front Oncol. 2025 Jun 12;15:1570020. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1570020. eCollection 2025.
Gastric cancer, characterised by a significant mortality rate, is one of the most prevalent malignant neoplasms globally. Exosomal non-coding RNAs play a key role in gastric carcinogenesis, metastasis and treatment resistance by regulating gene expression, remodelling the tumour microenvironment and mediating drug resistance. In the identification of early gastric cancer, these exosomal non-coding RNA molecules possess significant potential to be developed into biomarkers that do not entail invasive procedures.
Our study undertook a comprehensive and profound literature examination in core databases like PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Embase, Scopus, and Medline, with the aim of precisely evaluating the potential effectiveness of exosomal miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in the diagnosis of gastric cancer.
A sum of 52 studies were incorporated, comprising 164 studies. These studies identified a total of 59 miRNAs, 17 lncRNAs, and 16 circRNAs. For miRNAs, sensitivity was estimated at 0.72 (95% CI, 0.69 - 0.76) and specificity at 0.80 (95% CI, 0.77 - 0.83). For lncRNAs, the sensitivity was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.84 - 0.87) and the specificity was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.80 - 0.83). In the case of circRNAs, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.71 (95% CI, 0.63 - 0.78) and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.81 - 0.93) respectively. The AUC for miRNAs was calculated as 0.83. As for lncRNAs, its AUC was established to be 0.89. Regarding circRNAs, the determined AUC was 0.86.
These results confirm the efficacy of exosomal ncRNAs as powerful biomarkers for the early diagnosis of gastric carcinomas, thereby laying a strong foundation for the advancement of novel diagnostic approaches.
胃癌是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，死亡率很高。外泌体非编码RNA通过调节基因表达、重塑肿瘤微环境和介导耐药性，在胃癌的发生、转移和治疗耐药中起关键作用。在早期胃癌的诊断中，这些外泌体非编码RNA分子具有很大的潜力被开发成无需侵入性操作的生物标志物。
我们的研究在PubMed、Web of Science、ScienceDirect、Embase、Scopus和Medline等核心数据库中进行了全面而深入的文献检索，旨在准确评估外泌体miRNA、lncRNA和circRNA在胃癌诊断中的潜在有效性。
共纳入52项研究，包含164项子研究。这些研究共鉴定出59种miRNA、17种lncRNA和16种circRNA。对于miRNA，敏感性估计为0.72（95%CI，0.69 - 0.76），特异性为0.80（95%CI，0.77 - 0.83）。对于lncRNA，敏感性为0.86（95%CI，0.84 - 0.87），特异性为0.82（95%CI，0.80 - 0.83）。对于circRNA，敏感性和特异性分别为0.71（95%CI，0.63 - 0.78）和0.88（95%CI，0.81 - 0.93）。miRNA的AUC计算为0.83。lncRNA的AUC确定为0.89。circRNA的AUC为0.86。
这些结果证实了外泌体ncRNA作为胃癌早期诊断有力生物标志物的有效性，从而为新型诊断方法的发展奠定了坚实基础。
