Wang Mengjia, Song Xingmin, Li Chuanen, Jashenko Roman, Cao Zhujun, Liu Huixia, Lin Jun, Ji Rong
Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology in Xinjiang, International Center for the Collaborative Management of Cross-border Pests in Central Asia, College of Life Science, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China.
Tacheng, Research Field (Migratory Biology), Observation and Research Station of Xinjiang, Tacheng, China.
Environ Entomol. 2025 Aug 19;54(4):877-889. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvaf065.
Grasshoppers, as important primary consumers in grasslands, play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of grassland ecosystems. However, patterns of change in grasshopper diversity and their influencing factors vary with regions and grassland types. Therefore, we selected the Western Tianshan Mountains in China as a representative study area to investigate grasshoppers in different grassland types. The results showed significant differences in the mean values of the Shannon index, Simpson index, and Pielou index of grasshoppers among the six grassland types at the plot level. In temperate deserts and temperate desert steppes at low altitudes (Alt), the Shannon index and Simpson index of grasshoppers were relatively high. In mountain meadows and temperate meadow steppes at high Alt, the Pielou index was relatively high. Alt drove differences in temperature and vegetation, which had a significant impact on the diversity of grasshoppers in different grassland types. The diversity in temperate deserts and temperate desert steppes was positively correlated with temperature, while the diversity in mountain meadows and temperate meadow steppes was negatively correlated with temperature. Furthermore, grasshopper diversity exhibited a significant positive correlation with vegetation density in temperate steppes and temperate meadow steppes. When managing different grassland types, maintaining vegetation diversity helps buffer the risk of grasshopper outbreaks and address the impact of global warming on grasshopper occurrence in response to the emergence of new potential suitable habitats.
蝗虫作为草原重要的初级消费者，在维持草原生态系统平衡方面发挥着关键作用。然而，蝗虫多样性的变化模式及其影响因素因地区和草原类型而异。因此，我们选择中国西部天山作为典型研究区域，调查不同草原类型中的蝗虫。结果表明，在样地水平上，六种草原类型中蝗虫的香农指数、辛普森指数和皮洛指数的平均值存在显著差异。在低海拔的温带荒漠和温带荒漠草原中，蝗虫的香农指数和辛普森指数相对较高。在高海拔的山地草甸和温带草甸草原中，皮洛指数相对较高。海拔驱动了温度和植被的差异，这对不同草原类型中蝗虫的多样性产生了显著影响。温带荒漠和温带荒漠草原中的多样性与温度呈正相关，而山地草甸和温带草甸草原中的多样性与温度呈负相关。此外，在温带草原和温带草甸草原中，蝗虫多样性与植被密度呈显著正相关。在管理不同草原类型时，维持植被多样性有助于缓冲蝗虫爆发的风险，并应对全球变暖对蝗虫发生的影响，以应对新的潜在适宜栖息地的出现。
