Castelo Maria Helane Costa Gurgel, de Castro Isac, Raupp-da-Rosa Priscila, Grenzi Patrícia Cristina, Lima Eduardo Gomes, Senerchia Andreza Almeida, Ferreira Érica, Lopes Flavia Paiva Proença Lobo
Clinical Pathology Department, DASA, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Evidence Generation, Novartis Biociências S.A, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2025 Jun 27;20(6):e0326365. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0326365. eCollection 2025.
Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic disease and is increasingly being incorporated into clinical algorithms of cardiovascular risk prediction. However, the epidemiology of Lp(a) in Brazil remains unknown. The objective of this study was to describe the distribution of Lp(a) levels and its association with laboratory parameters and clinical characteristics in a population of subjects submitted to blood tests in a private laboratory. Methods involved assessing Lp(a) levels from 115,197 subjects in a nationwide database from one Brazilian private laboratory, with Lp(a) measured using a nephelometric assay and expressed in mg/dL. Results showed that among the 115,197 subjects, the median age was 44 years. Women composed 61% of the sample and displayed higher Lp(a) levels in comparison to men (13.90 vs 11.58 mg/dL, p < 0.001). The distribution of Lp(a) levels was skewed rightward, as 70% of the individuals showed levels < 30 mg/dL, and 18% had levels higher than 50 mg/dL. The presence of criteria for diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and levels of HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides showed no correlation with Lp(a) levels. Additionally, there was no significant association between Lp(a) levels in individuals with and without criteria for diabetes and metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, this study represents the largest descriptive analysis of Lp (a) in Brazil, encompassing individuals with a wide age range and geographical distribution. This data contributes to the generation of high-quality evidence needed for improving cardiovascular risk assessment in clinical care settings.
脂蛋白(a)（Lp(a)）是动脉粥样硬化性疾病的独立危险因素，并且越来越多地被纳入心血管疾病风险预测的临床算法中。然而，巴西Lp(a)的流行病学情况仍然未知。本研究的目的是描述在一家私立实验室接受血液检测的人群中Lp(a)水平的分布情况及其与实验室参数和临床特征的关联。方法包括从巴西一家私立实验室的全国性数据库中评估115197名受试者的Lp(a)水平，Lp(a)采用散射比浊法测定，以mg/dL表示。结果显示，在这115197名受试者中，年龄中位数为44岁。女性占样本的61%，与男性相比，Lp(a)水平更高（13.90 vs 11.58mg/dL，p<0.001）。Lp(a)水平的分布呈右偏态，70%的个体Lp(a)水平<30mg/dL，18%的个体Lp(a)水平高于50mg/dL。糖尿病、代谢综合征的标准以及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯水平与Lp(a)水平无相关性。此外，有和没有糖尿病及代谢综合征标准的个体的Lp(a)水平之间无显著关联。总之，本研究是巴西对Lp(a)进行的最大规模描述性分析，涵盖了年龄范围广泛和地理分布多样的个体。这些数据有助于生成在临床护理环境中改善心血管疾病风险评估所需的高质量证据。
