Wei Bin, Fang Jie, Zhou Dongxian, Gu Xuelin, Sun Bingyao, Song Xuehong
Aquaculture Technology Extension Station of Wuzhong District, Suzhou 215104, China.
Aquaculture Technology Extension Station of Wuzhong District, Suzhou 215104, China; School of Life Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2025 Aug 25;992:179928. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179928. Epub 2025 Jun 26.
Shrimp pond aquaculture, like fish pond culture, faces significant challenges such as water pollution and antibiotic resistance, driven by chemical overuse and untreated effluent discharge. This study evaluates the efficacy of an ecological treatment system in treating shrimp pond wastewater, focusing on water quality improvement, microbial community dynamics, phytoplankton composition, and antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) mitigation. Using adjacent river indicators as a reference, comparative analyses were conducted on phytoplankton density and biomass, key water quality parameters, and microbial parameters in shrimp culture and ecological ponds across key growth stages and the pond cleaning period. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing was employed to assess bacterial community diversity and composition in water and sediment. Additionally, the abundance of 12 ARGs was quantified, and their correlations with bacterial communities were analyzed. Results demonstrated that the ecological treatment system significantly improved water quality, with the ecological pond consistently exhibiting lower levels of key water quality parameters compared to the culture pond. Phytoplankton density and biomass were highest in the culture pond, while the ecological pond maintained intermediate levels, acting as an effective buffer. Microbial analysis revealed reduced bacterial and coliform counts in the ecological pond. ARG abundances were highest in the culture pond, whereas the ecological pond showed marked reductions. Dynamic correlations between ARGs and bacterial genera, such as Pseudomonas, were observed, highlighting the system's potential to mitigate antibiotic resistance. This study underscores the ecological treatment system's effectiveness in purifying shrimp pond wastewater, reducing microbial contamination, and providing critical insights for system optimization.
虾塘养殖与鱼塘养殖一样，面临着诸如水污染和抗生素耐药性等重大挑战，这些挑战是由化学物质过度使用和未经处理的废水排放所导致的。本研究评估了一种生态处理系统处理虾塘废水的效果，重点关注水质改善、微生物群落动态、浮游植物组成以及抗生素抗性基因（ARG）的缓解情况。以相邻河流指标作为参考，对虾养殖池和生态池在关键生长阶段及池塘清理期的浮游植物密度和生物量、关键水质参数以及微生物参数进行了比较分析。采用细菌16S rRNA基因测序来评估水和沉积物中的细菌群落多样性和组成。此外，对12种抗生素抗性基因的丰度进行了定量，并分析了它们与细菌群落之间的相关性。结果表明，生态处理系统显著改善了水质，与养殖池相比，生态池的关键水质参数始终较低。浮游植物密度和生物量在养殖池中最高，而生态池保持中等水平，起到了有效的缓冲作用。微生物分析显示，生态池中的细菌和大肠菌群数量减少。抗生素抗性基因丰度在养殖池中最高，而生态池则显著降低。观察到抗生素抗性基因与假单胞菌等细菌属之间存在动态相关性，突出了该系统缓解抗生素耐药性的潜力。本研究强调了生态处理系统在净化虾塘废水、减少微生物污染以及为系统优化提供关键见解方面的有效性。
