Ridzwan Muhammad Hairul, Abidin Zurina Zainal, Zawawi Norhasnida, Jusoh Arif Zaidi
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Food Chem. 2025 Nov 1;491:145317. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.145317. Epub 2025 Jun 24.
More than 65 % to 72 % of the rare sugar trehalulose is found in raw stingless bee honey (SBH), and an efficient method for bulk recovery is highly sought. This study investigates the separation of trehalulose from SBH using cation exchange resin (CEA) in batch adsorption mode. Various parameters were optimized to evaluate their effects on adsorption performance. At 15 min, 50 °C, and 1000 g/L honey concentration, 6.34 %, 32.51 % and 33.15 % of trehalulose, glucose, and fructose, respectively, were adsorbed. Trehalulose showed poor adsorption affinity compared to glucose and fructose, leaving most of it in the supernatant solution. With a zeta potential of -3.12 mV, trehalulose exhibited a weak negative charge, contributing to its limited interaction with the cation resin. NMR and FTIR analyses confirmed trehalulose as a sucrose isomer of α-(1 → 1) glucose-fructose glycosidic linkage, containing multiple hydroxyl functional groups, antioxidant, phenolics and reducing sugar properties. The adsorption behaviour was best described by the modified Langmuir model, indicating heterogeneous, multilayer adsorption with high concentration dependency. The pseudo-second-order model suggested that pore diffusion was the rate-limiting step, with the process being endothermic and spontaneous at elevated temperatures. Although cation exchange resin adsorption captures only a small fraction of trehalulose, recovery from the resin is relatively straightforward compared to the more complex process of isolating trehalulose from the sugar-rich supernatant mixture, which poses significant downstream challenges. Thus, selecting a resin that aligns with trehalulose's physicochemical properties is vital for achieving efficient and selective separation.
超过65%至72%的稀有糖海藻糖存在于生无刺蜂蜂蜜（SBH）中，因此人们一直在寻找一种高效的批量回收方法。本研究采用阳离子交换树脂（CEA）以分批吸附模式研究从SBH中分离海藻糖。对各种参数进行了优化，以评估它们对吸附性能的影响。在15分钟、50°C和1000 g/L蜂蜜浓度下，分别有6.34%、32.51%和33.15%的海藻糖、葡萄糖和果糖被吸附。与葡萄糖和果糖相比，海藻糖的吸附亲和力较差，大部分留在上清液中。海藻糖的ζ电位为-3.12 mV，显示出微弱的负电荷，这导致其与阳离子树脂的相互作用有限。核磁共振（NMR）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析证实海藻糖是一种具有α-(1→1)葡萄糖-果糖糖苷键的蔗糖异构体，含有多个羟基官能团、具有抗氧化、酚类和还原糖特性。吸附行为用修正的朗缪尔模型描述最佳，表明存在非均相、多层吸附且具有高浓度依赖性。准二级模型表明孔扩散是限速步骤，该过程是吸热的，在高温下是自发的。尽管阳离子交换树脂吸附只能捕获一小部分海藻糖，但与从富含糖的上清液混合物中分离海藻糖的更复杂过程相比，从树脂中回收相对简单，而后者带来了重大的下游挑战。因此，选择一种与海藻糖理化性质相匹配的树脂对于实现高效和选择性分离至关重要。
