Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia; Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, Coopers Plains, Qld 4108, Australia.
Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, Coopers Plains, Qld 4108, Australia.
Food Chem. 2022 Mar 30;373(Pt B):131566. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131566. Epub 2021 Nov 11.
Stingless bee honey (SBH) of four stingless bee species (Heterotrigona itama, Geniotrigona thoracica, Tetragonula carbonaria, and Tetragonula hockingsi) from two geographic regions (Malaysia and Australia, n = 36) were studied for their physicochemical parameters, including total phenolic and multi-elemental contents. Sugar analysis confirmed the prominent presence of trehalulose in all samples. All SBH failed to meet the CODEX Standard for honey moisture, free acidity, and total fructose plus glucose levels. One-way ANOVA, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical component analysis (HCA) confirm distinctive differences between Australian and Malaysian SBH with Australian SBH having significantly (P < 0.05) higher pH, total phenolic, total mineral, and electrical conductivity attributes. Toxic elements in all SBH were much lower than standard CODEX limit. The species G. thoracica produced honey with significantly (P < 0.05) higher trehalulose than both Australian bee species. This research will add value to SBH and hasten new international standards ensuring commercial viability, safety, quality, and marketability of SBH.
研究了来自两个地理区域（马来西亚和澳大利亚，n=36）的四种无刺蜜蜂（ Heterotrigona itama 、 Geniotrigona thoracica 、 Tetragonula carbonaria 和 Tetragonula hockingsi ）的无刺蜜蜂蜂蜜（SBH）的理化参数，包括总酚和多种元素含量。糖分析证实所有样品中都存在显著的海藻糖。所有 SBH 都不符合蜂蜜水分、游离酸度和总果糖加葡萄糖含量的 CODEX 标准。单因素方差分析、主成分分析（PCA）和层次成分分析（HCA）证实了澳大利亚和马来西亚 SBH 之间存在明显差异，澳大利亚 SBH 的 pH 值、总酚、总矿物质和电导率属性显著更高（P<0.05）。所有 SBH 中的有毒元素都远低于标准 CODEX 限值。G. thoracica 产生的蜂蜜中海藻糖含量显著高于（P<0.05）两种澳大利亚蜜蜂。这项研究将为 SBH 增加价值，并加快制定新的国际标准，确保 SBH 的商业可行性、安全性、质量和市场竞争力。
