Zhang Ting-Ting, Luo Xiao-San, Chen Zhi-Huai, Tong Xin, Liu Xin, Guo Hao-Hua, Fan Jia-Yi, Yao Xue-Wen
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agriculture Meteorology, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2025 Jun 8;46(6):3942-3949. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202404195.
To illuminate the differences in the effects of different types of microplastics （MPs， size<5 mm） on crop nitrogen absorption and metabolism， the degradable polylactic acid （PLA） and polybutylene terephthalate （PBAT） and undegradable polyethylene （PE） were selected for vegetable pot experiments with three doses （0.5%， 1%， and 3%）. The responses of inorganic nitrogen content， plant growth， nitrogen absorption， and metabolism enzyme activity to soil MPs pollution in the soil-lettuce （ L.） system was investigated. The results showed that MPs significantly hindered the decomposition of soil organic carbon （SOC） and reduction and accumulation of nitrate （NO-N） in lettuce， while increasing soil C/N and ammonium （NH-N） content. The total nitrogen （TN） content of soil under the PE treatment was lower than that of the PLA and PBAT treatments for 0.25-0.52 g·kg and 0.33-0.52 g·kg， respectively. PBAT treated lettuce had significantly lower dry weight and accumulated N uptake compared to those in the PLA and PE treatments （<0.05）. The 1% dose resulted in the lowest antioxidant enzyme and nitrate reductase （NR） activities and the highest malondialdehyde （MDA） content， with NR activity and MDA content being 15.19%-42.0% and 2.68-3.11 times of the control， respectively. Regarding to the mechanism， N uptake by lettuce was significantly negatively correlated with SOC （0.01）. In summary， the MPs input to soil can reduce the activity of N metabolism enzymes in lettuce. The degradable PBAT significantly reduced the N uptake， and the oxidative damage to lettuce was greater under moderate pollution.
为阐明不同类型微塑料（MPs，尺寸<5毫米）对作物氮吸收和代谢的影响差异，选用可降解的聚乳酸（PLA）、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBAT）和不可降解的聚乙烯（PE）进行蔬菜盆栽试验，设置三个剂量（0.5%、1%和3%）。研究了土壤-生菜系统中无机氮含量、植物生长、氮吸收和代谢酶活性对土壤微塑料污染的响应。结果表明，微塑料显著阻碍了土壤有机碳（SOC）的分解以及生菜中硝酸盐（NO-N）的还原和积累，同时增加了土壤碳氮比和铵（NH-N）含量。PE处理下土壤的总氮（TN）含量分别比PLA和PBAT处理低0.25 - 0.52克·千克和0.33 - 0.52克·千克。与PLA和PE处理相比，PBAT处理的生菜干重和氮积累量显著更低（<0.05）。1%剂量导致抗氧化酶和硝酸还原酶（NR）活性最低，丙二醛（MDA）含量最高，NR活性和MDA含量分别是对照的15.19% - 42.0%和2.68 - 3.11倍。就机制而言，生菜的氮吸收与SOC显著负相关（0.01）。综上所述，向土壤中输入微塑料会降低生菜中氮代谢酶的活性。可降解的PBAT显著降低了氮吸收，在中度污染下对生菜的氧化损伤更大。
