Wang Yu, Yang Qiongqiong, Chen Qi, Hou Shengwei, Jiao Nianzhi, Zheng Qiang
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China.
Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China.
ISME Commun. 2025 May 30;5(1):ycaf091. doi: 10.1093/ismeco/ycaf091. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Understanding community assembly in ecosystems is crucial for ecology, yet the interplay between selection and dispersal remains unclear. We examined bacterial and microeukaryotic communities in a dynamic estuarine-coastal ecosystem over six years to investigate the roles of dispersal and environmental selection. Our approach combined species-time relationships (STRs) analysis, a temporal approach focusing on colonization and extinction dynamics, and a process model for community dynamics, revealing insights into the interplay between selection and dispersal along environmental gradients. Both communities showed significant STRs, but their responses varied by taxon and environmental conditions. For bacteria, salinity increased STR exponents, indicating faster richness growth over time, whereas microeukaryotic STR exponents decreased, suggesting distinct assembly mechanisms. Higher salinity reduced bacterial community determinism but heightened it for microeukaryotes, affecting community turnover: microeukaryote turnover decreased with rising salinity due to changes in colonization and extinction, while bacterial turnover increased due to slower dynamics. This study highlights the complex interaction between selection and dispersal, shaped by environmental factors and unique microbial traits, emphasizing the need for tailored conservation strategies in fluctuating coastal ecosystems.
了解生态系统中的群落构建对生态学至关重要，但选择与扩散之间的相互作用仍不清楚。我们在一个动态的河口 - 海岸生态系统中对细菌和微型真核生物群落进行了为期六年的研究，以探讨扩散和环境选择的作用。我们的方法结合了物种 - 时间关系（STRs）分析（一种关注定殖和灭绝动态的时间方法）以及群落动态的过程模型，揭示了沿环境梯度选择与扩散之间相互作用的见解。两个群落都显示出显著的STRs，但它们的反应因分类群和环境条件而异。对于细菌，盐度增加了STR指数，表明随着时间的推移丰富度增长更快，而微型真核生物的STR指数下降，表明存在不同的组装机制。较高的盐度降低了细菌群落的确定性，但增加了微型真核生物的确定性，影响群落周转：由于定殖和灭绝的变化，微型真核生物的周转随着盐度的升高而降低，而细菌周转由于动态较慢而增加。这项研究强调了选择与扩散之间由环境因素和独特微生物特征塑造的复杂相互作用，强调了在波动的沿海生态系统中制定量身定制的保护策略的必要性。
