Suarez-Kurtz G
Muscle Nerve. 1985 Feb;8(2):158-61. doi: 10.1002/mus.880080212.
Polylysines, polyornithine, and protamine increased the release of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from frog muscles. With 5 micrograms/ml (50 nM) of a polylysine of molecular weight 100,000, enzyme release reached peak values (ten-fold above control) within 30 minutes; subsequent removal of the polylysine did not reduce significantly the release rates. The effectiveness of the polycations increased with the degree of polymerization. Their effects were prevented by pretreatment of the muscles with polyanions (heparin or polyglutamic acids) and were reversed when heparin was applied within 30 minutes of exposure to polylysine. The initial stimulation of enzyme release by polylysine was attenuated by Ca-free solutions and by low temperature (4 degrees C). It is suggested that, while fiber damage can explain the increased loss of sarcoplasmic enzymes after prolonged treatment of frog muscles with polycations, other mechanisms (perhaps exocytosis) are involved in the stimulation of CK and LDH release during brief exposures to nanomolar concentrations of polylysines or polyornithine.
聚赖氨酸、聚鸟氨酸和鱼精蛋白可增加青蛙肌肉中肌酸激酶（CK）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）的释放。对于分子量为100,000的聚赖氨酸，浓度为5微克/毫升（50纳摩尔）时，酶释放在30分钟内达到峰值（比对照组高十倍）；随后去除聚赖氨酸并不会显著降低释放速率。聚阳离子的有效性随聚合度增加而提高。用聚阴离子（肝素或聚谷氨酸）预处理肌肉可阻止它们的作用，且在暴露于聚赖氨酸30分钟内应用肝素时，其作用可被逆转。无钙溶液和低温（4℃）可减弱聚赖氨酸对酶释放的初始刺激。有人提出，虽然纤维损伤可以解释用聚阳离子长时间处理青蛙肌肉后肌浆酶损失增加的现象，但在短暂暴露于纳摩尔浓度的聚赖氨酸或聚鸟氨酸期间，刺激CK和LDH释放还涉及其他机制（可能是胞吐作用）。
