Da Yanqing, Liu Mingxuan, Zhu Yangshuang, Wang Weixu, Lu Yaping, Sun Keping
Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization Northeast Normal University Changchun China.
Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology Ministry of Education Changchun China.
Ecol Evol. 2025 Jun 27;15(7):e71628. doi: 10.1002/ece3.71628. eCollection 2025 Jul.
White-nose syndrome (WNS), caused by the fungus (), has led to significant mortality and species endangerment in North America. Bats in eastern China, however, carry low loads of and do not exhibit disease, suggesting natural resistance. To explore potential defenses, we isolated and screened antagonistic bacteria from the wing membranes of for their ability to inhibit growth. We employed the plate delineation isolation method to obtain 74 single strains, which were then screened for antagonistic effects through contact and non-contact inhibition experiments. A total of 18 antagonistic strains were isolated. After sequencing and comparison with the NCBI database, we identified eight known species and three unidentified species of antagonistic bacteria: , , , , , , , , sp., sp., and sp. Seventeen isolated strains showed varying degrees of inhibition by contact, while five species, including , , , , and sp., also inhibited via non-contact mode. We utilized solid-phase microextraction coupled with GC-MS to obtain approximately 20 volatile compounds, all of which exhibited inhibitory effects on the growth of , including ketones, aldehydes, and sulfur ethers. Notably, 5 ppm of 1-undecene, dimethyl trisulphide, and 2-nonanone each independently inhibited growth. These findings suggest that the antagonistic strains and their VOCs might help protect bats from WNS. Understanding the interactions between and skin flora, along with their VOCs, may be crucial in mitigating bats' vulnerability to WNS and developing effective mitigation strategies in the future.
白鼻综合征（WNS）由真菌（此处原文未提及真菌具体名称）引起，已导致北美地区大量蝙蝠死亡并使其物种濒危。然而，中国东部的蝙蝠携带低载量的（此处原文未提及具体物质）且未表现出疾病症状，这表明它们具有天然抗性。为探索潜在的防御机制，我们从（此处原文未提及蝙蝠具体种类）的翼膜中分离并筛选了具有拮抗作用的细菌，以研究其抑制（此处原文未提及真菌具体名称）生长的能力。我们采用平板划线分离法获得了74个单菌株，然后通过接触抑制和非接触抑制实验筛选其拮抗作用。共分离出18株拮抗菌株。经测序并与NCBI数据库比对，我们鉴定出8种已知的拮抗细菌物种和3种未鉴定的拮抗细菌物种：（此处原文未提及具体细菌名称）、（此处原文未提及具体细菌名称）、（此处原文未提及具体细菌名称）、（此处原文未提及具体细菌名称）、（此处原文未提及具体细菌名称）、（此处原文未提及具体细菌名称）、（此处原文未提及具体细菌名称）、（此处原文未提及具体细菌名称）、（此处原文未提及具体细菌名称）种、（此处原文未提及具体细菌名称）种和（此处原文未提及具体细菌名称）种。17株分离菌株通过接触表现出不同程度的抑制作用，而包括（此处原文未提及具体细菌名称）、（此处原文未提及具体细菌名称）、（此处原文未提及具体细菌名称）、（此处原文未提及具体细菌名称）和（此处原文未提及具体细菌名称）种在内的5个物种也通过非接触模式抑制（此处原文未提及真菌具体名称）。我们利用固相微萃取结合气相色谱 - 质谱联用技术获得了约20种挥发性化合物，所有这些化合物均对（此处原文未提及真菌具体名称）的生长表现出抑制作用，包括酮类、醛类和硫醚类。值得注意的是，5 ppm的1 - 十一碳烯、二甲基三硫和2 - 壬酮各自独立地抑制（此处原文未提及真菌具体名称）的生长。这些发现表明，拮抗菌株及其挥发性有机化合物可能有助于保护蝙蝠免受白鼻综合征的侵害。了解（此处原文未提及真菌具体名称）与皮肤菌群及其挥发性有机化合物之间的相互作用，对于减轻蝙蝠对白鼻综合征的易感性以及未来制定有效的缓解策略可能至关重要。
