Mohammadi Ebrahim, Valizadeh Neda, Hatami Novi Reza
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia, Iran.
Caspian J Intern Med. 2025 Mar 11;16(2):268-274. doi: 10.22088/cjim.16.2.268. eCollection 2025 Spring.
Thyroid nodule (TN) is defined as the abnormal growth of thyroid cells, with an increasing trend worldwide. In this case-control study, we intended to evaluate demographic and environmental factors involved in TNs to determine the values predicting the risk of TN incidence.
103 patients with confirmed TN through ultrasound imaging were assigned to the nodular group, and 101 patients with negative results of TN were considered control counterparts. Data collection was performed using a checklist from February 2021 to August 2022. Uni- and multivariable logistic analyses were applied to ascertain prognostic risk factors.
The results showed that the prevalence of TNs was significantly higher in females (90.3%, p<0.001). We also found that a history of exposure to ionizing radiation with a diagnostic dose (83.5%, p<0.001), hypothyroidism (37.9%, P=0.005), hyperthyroidism (7.8%, P= 0.005), family history of thyroid disease (58.3%, p<0.001), unusual stress (68.9 %, p<0.001), and taking medications inferring thyroid function (10.7%, P=0.01) in the nodular group, which were consistent with the results of logistic regression analysis can be considered the potential prognostic values to predict the risk of incident TN.
The role of unusual stress on TN development is highlighted in this study. diagnosis and proper management of determinants such as unusual stress involved Early in TN pathogenesis through lifestyle modification, community awareness, and screening of the family with TN history would be more appreciable in order to decline TN incidence and prevalence, particularly in the predisposed population.
甲状腺结节(TN)被定义为甲状腺细胞的异常生长,在全球范围内呈上升趋势。在这项病例对照研究中,我们旨在评估与甲状腺结节相关的人口统计学和环境因素,以确定预测甲状腺结节发病风险的指标。
通过超声成像确诊为甲状腺结节的103例患者被纳入结节组,101例甲状腺结节检查结果为阴性的患者作为对照组。2021年2月至2022年8月期间,使用检查表进行数据收集。采用单变量和多变量逻辑分析来确定预后风险因素。
结果显示,女性甲状腺结节的患病率显著更高(90.3%,p<0.001)。我们还发现,结节组中曾接受诊断剂量电离辐射(83.5%,p<0.001)、甲状腺功能减退(37.9%,P=0.005)、甲状腺功能亢进(7.8%,P=0.005)、甲状腺疾病家族史(58.3%,p<0.001)、异常压力(68.9%,p<0.001)以及服用影响甲状腺功能药物(10.7%,P=0.01)的情况,与逻辑回归分析结果一致,可被视为预测甲状腺结节发病风险的潜在预后指标。
本研究强调了异常压力在甲状腺结节发生发展中的作用。通过生活方式改变、社区宣传以及对有甲状腺结节病史的家庭进行筛查,尽早诊断并妥善处理异常压力等因素,对于降低甲状腺结节的发病率和患病率,尤其是在易感人群中,将更具意义。