Roso-Moliner Alberto, Lozano Demetrio, Villanueva-Guerrero Oscar, Nobari Hadi, Mainer-Pardos Elena
Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad San Jorge.
LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid.
J Vis Exp. 2025 Jun 10(220). doi: 10.3791/67401.
Neuromuscular training is a methodology used in sports to improve the physical performance of athletes. Soccer has physical demands of power and speed, so players need to develop sprinting, changing direction, and jumping skills. According to these objectives, a novel neuromuscular training protocol has been developed to improve physical performance in terms of jumping, speed, and direction changes in adult female soccer players. The protocol is based on mobility exercises, stability, anterior and posterior chain strength, lumbopelvic control, and change of direction ability. For this, 34 female soccer players were randomly divided into a control group (CG, n = 17) and an experimental group (EG, n = 17) during 10 weeks of intervention. Hedges'g was used for the effect size. The control group did not show significant improvements in any variable (p > 0.05). The experimental group showed significant time-group improvements with a large effect size on the countermovement jump right (CMJR; p = 0.05, ES = 1.13), countermovement jump (CMJ; p = 0.05, ES = 1.35), and countermovement jump left (CMJL; p = 0.05, ES = 0.83), peak speed (p < 0.05; ES = 0.96) and 180 change of direction (180 COD) in the intergroup analysis (p < 0.05; ES = -1.29 to -1.39). Novel variables such as bilateral deficit and change of direction deficit showed significant improvements in the experimental group (change of direction deficit left (CODDL): p = 0.05, ES = -1.24; change of direction deficit right (CODDR): p = 0.05, ES = -1.15 and bilateral limb deficit (BLD): p= 0.05, ES = -0.49). In conclusion, the novel neuromuscular training intervention, which included weekly progressions and unilateral and bilateral exercises, showed significant improvements in the physical performance of adult female soccer players.
神经肌肉训练是一种在体育界用于提高运动员体能表现的方法。足球运动对力量和速度有体能要求，因此球员需要发展短跑、变向和跳跃技能。基于这些目标，已开发出一种新颖的神经肌肉训练方案，以改善成年女子足球运动员在跳跃、速度和变向方面的体能表现。该方案基于灵活性练习、稳定性、前后链力量、腰骨盆控制和变向能力。为此，在为期10周的干预期间，34名女子足球运动员被随机分为对照组（CG，n = 17）和实验组（EG，n = 17）。使用Hedges'g来衡量效应大小。对照组在任何变量上均未显示出显著改善（p > 0.05）。实验组在反向纵跳右侧（CMJR；p = 0.05，ES = 1.13）、反向纵跳（CMJ；p = 0.05，ES = 1.35）和反向纵跳左侧（CMJL；p = 0.05，ES = 0.83）、峰值速度（p < 0.05；ES = 0.96）以及组间分析中的180度变向（180 COD）（p < 0.05；ES = -1.29至-1.39）方面显示出显著的时间组改善。实验组中诸如双侧差异和变向差异等新变量显示出显著改善（变向差异左侧（CODDL）：p = 0.05，ES = -1.24；变向差异右侧（CODDR）：p = 0.05，ES = -1.15和双侧肢体差异（BLD）：p = 0.05，ES = -0.49）。总之，包括每周进展以及单侧和双侧练习的新颖神经肌肉训练干预，在成年女子足球运动员的体能表现方面显示出显著改善。
