Dong Wen, Lun Yongzhi, Sun Jie, Liu Ben
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology College, Putian University, Putian, China.
Key Laboratory of Screening and Control of Infectious Diseases, Fujian Provincial University, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, China.
Front Microbiol. 2025 Jun 16;16:1607824. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1607824. eCollection 2025.
SAL, isolated from multidrug-resistant patients' feces, exhibits superior in vitro probiotic traits including bile salt resistance, gastric acid tolerance, and potent antioxidant capacity. While generally enhances gut microbiota structure/function, improving health and lifespan in model organisms, the in vivo effects, mechanisms, and potential anti-aging properties of the SAL strain remain unexplored. This study addresses this critical research gap.
Twenty-four SPF KM male mice were divided into a control group (CON), model group (MOD), and a SAL strain intervention group (SAL). MOD and SAL groups received d-gal-induced aging models. SAL group was orally administered SAL strain suspension daily, while MOD and CON groups received saline for 10 weeks. After the intervention, serum and liver tissues were collected to detect aging biomarkers (β-galactosidase) and oxidative stress markers.Colon tissue histopathological examination was performed, and fresh fecal samples were subjected to metagenomic sequencing and analysis. Additionally, Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationships between genuslevel differential gut microbiota and oxidative stress markers in serum and liver tissues.
Compared with the MOD group, the SAL group exhibited significantly reduced MDA levels in serum and liver tissues (all < 0.05), elevated activities of SOD and T-AOC (all p < 0.05), and increased serum GSH-Px and CAT activities (all < 0.05). Colon histology showed structural improvements, including increased crypt numbers, restored architecture, reduced submucosal space, and upregulated expression of , , and (all < 0.05). Gut microbiota analysis revealed increased abundances of Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia, decreased Bacteroidetes, and elevated Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio ( < 0.05). Differential genera and showed significant negative correlations with MDA levels (all < 0.05), while positively correlated with SOD, GSH-Px, and T-AOC activities.
The SAL strain intervention significantly improved redox homeostasis, restored intestinal barrier integrity, and reversed gut dysbiosis, highlighting its dual regulatory role in anti-aging mechanisms. These findings demonstrate the potential of SAL as an anti-aging probiotic and establish a theoretical framework for microbiota - targeted interventions to alleviate age-related pathologies.
从耐多药患者粪便中分离出的SAL具有优异的体外益生菌特性，包括耐胆盐、耐胃酸以及强大的抗氧化能力。虽然它通常能增强肠道微生物群的结构/功能，改善模式生物的健康状况并延长寿命，但SAL菌株的体内作用、机制和潜在的抗衰老特性仍未得到探索。本研究填补了这一关键研究空白。
将24只SPF级KM雄性小鼠分为对照组（CON）、模型组（MOD）和SAL菌株干预组（SAL）。MOD组和SAL组接受d-半乳糖诱导的衰老模型。SAL组每天口服SAL菌株悬液，而MOD组和CON组接受生理盐水，持续10周。干预后，收集血清和肝脏组织以检测衰老生物标志物（β-半乳糖苷酶）和氧化应激标志物。进行结肠组织病理检查，并对新鲜粪便样本进行宏基因组测序和分析。此外，进行Spearman相关性分析以评估属水平上肠道微生物群差异与血清和肝脏组织中氧化应激标志物之间的关系。
与MOD组相比，SAL组血清和肝脏组织中的丙二醛（MDA）水平显著降低（均p<0.05），超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）活性升高（均p<0.05），血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性增加（均p<0.05）。结肠组织学显示结构改善，包括隐窝数量增加、结构恢复、黏膜下层空间减小以及紧密连接蛋白（ZO-1）、闭合蛋白（Occludin）和黏蛋白2（Muc2）的表达上调（均p<0.05）。肠道微生物群分析显示厚壁菌门和疣微菌门丰度增加，拟杆菌门减少，厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门（F/B）比值升高（p<0.05）。差异菌属Akkermansia和Muribaculaceae与MDA水平呈显著负相关（均p<0.05），而Ruminococcus与SOD、GSH-Px和T-AOC活性呈正相关。
SAL菌株干预显著改善了氧化还原稳态，恢复了肠道屏障完整性，并逆转了肠道菌群失调，突出了其在抗衰老机制中的双重调节作用。这些发现证明了SAL作为抗衰老益生菌的潜力，并为以微生物群为靶点的干预措施缓解与年龄相关的病理状况建立了理论框架。
