Escudero-Bautista Selene, Omaña-Covarrubias Arianna, Nez-Castro Ana Teresa, López-Pontigo Lydia, Pimentel-Pérez Maribel, Chávez-Mejía Alonso
Department of Gerontology, School of Medical Science, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42060, Hidalgo, Mexico.
Department of Nutrition, School of Medical Science, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42060, Hidalgo, Mexico.
Geriatrics (Basel). 2024 Aug 31;9(5):110. doi: 10.3390/geriatrics9050110.
Aging is a natural, complex, and individual process that focuses on the progressive decay of the body and a decrease in cell function that begins in approximately the sixth decade of life and ends with death. Current scientific evidence shows that the aging process is mostly related to genetic load and varies because of the environment. Therefore, aging can be adjusted through the intervention of factors that control homeostasis in genetic, biochemical, and immunological processes, including those involving the gut microbiota. Indeed, the diversity of the gut microbiota decreases during aging, based on the presence of modifications in the hormonal, immunological, and operational processes of the gastrointestinal tract. These modifications lead to a state of dysbiosis. However, altering bacterial communities remains complicated due to the great diversity of factors that influence their modification. Alterations caused by the aging process are known to foster dysbiosis and correspond to conditions that determine the degree of frailty in senior citizens. Consequently, the microbial structure can be used as a biomarker for geriatric care in the promotion of healthy aging.
衰老 是一个自然、复杂且因人而异的过程，其关注的是身体的渐进性衰退以及细胞功能的减退，这一过程大约始于生命的第六个十年，并以死亡告终。目前的科学证据表明，衰老过程主要与基因负荷相关，且会因环境因素而有所不同。因此，衰老可以通过干预那些控制基因、生化和免疫过程（包括涉及肠道微生物群的过程）中内稳态的因素来加以调节。事实上，基于胃肠道激素、免疫和运作过程中存在的改变，肠道微生物群的多样性在衰老过程中会降低。这些改变会导致生态失调状态。然而，由于影响其改变的因素种类繁多，改变细菌群落仍然很复杂。已知衰老过程引起的改变会促进生态失调，并对应于决定老年人虚弱程度的状况。因此，微生物结构可作为老年护理中促进健康衰老的生物标志物。
