Jiang Yanke, Du Jianfeng, Latif Muhammad Zunair, Yue Yingzhe, Li Yue, Lu Chongchong, Li Yang, Yin Ziyi, Ding Xinhua
State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018 Shandong, PR China.
College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003 Henan, PR China.
J Adv Res. 2025 Jun 29. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2025.06.085.
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are peptides produced by organisms during the evolutionary process to defend themselves against external biotic stresses. Broadly speaking, AMP is a generic term for peptides evolved by the natural immune defense system of an organism to protect against external pathogens. AMPs are a variety of naturally occurring molecules that are important lines of defense for plants. After that, the ability of AMPs to protect the host's health was found in almost all multicellular organisms. This indicates that microorganisms and plants are important sources of AMPs. AMPs are among the most important components maintaining plant health and can be applied as a booster, providing instant and long-lasting resistance against pathogens.
As critical components of natural immune systems, AMPs serve as primary defense lines in plants and multicellular organisms, highlighting their significance in maintaining host health. However, natural AMPs face limitations in stability and efficacy for agricultural applications. To bridge this gap, this review aims to advance AMP development through synthetic and computational strategies. This thematic review shows the improvement of AMPs from the perspective of synthetic chemistry and AMP optimization strategies. This paper also discusses current databases and websites of AMPs as well as optimization strategies for artificial intelligence algorithms for novel AMP development.
In modern agricultural settings, the application of AMPs can promote the growth of plants under unfavorable environmental conditions and prevent severe phytopathogens, which is a very effective method for plant protection. The increased doses of chemicals harm the environment due to their toxic residues. AMPs can also be used in the cross-protection of crops. The application of AMPs to infected crops can activate the immune system of plants and increase their ability to suppress phytopathogens by increasing their resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Using sequencing technology, bioinformatics, molecular biology, and synthetic proteomics, highly effective and stable AMPs were obtained, and related optimization strategies were developed. The use of AMPs to control phytopathogenic diseases not only provides more ecological management strategies than the use of probiotics but also ensures the constant characteristics of AMPs.
抗菌肽（AMPs）是生物体在进化过程中产生的用于抵御外部生物胁迫的肽。广义而言，AMPs是生物体自然免疫防御系统进化出的用于抵御外部病原体的肽的统称。AMPs是多种天然存在的分子，是植物重要的防御防线。此后，几乎在所有多细胞生物中都发现了AMPs保护宿主健康的能力。这表明微生物和植物是AMPs的重要来源。AMPs是维持植物健康的最重要组成部分之一，可作为增强剂应用，提供对病原体的即时和持久抗性。
作为天然免疫系统的关键组成部分，AMPs在植物和多细胞生物中充当主要防御防线，突出了它们在维持宿主健康方面的重要性。然而，天然AMPs在农业应用中的稳定性和功效方面存在局限性。为了弥补这一差距，本综述旨在通过合成和计算策略推进AMPs的开发。本专题综述从合成化学和AMPs优化策略的角度展示了AMPs的改进。本文还讨论了当前AMPs的数据库和网站以及用于新型AMPs开发的人工智能算法的优化策略。
在现代农业环境中，AMPs的应用可以促进植物在不利环境条件下的生长并预防严重的植物病原体，这是一种非常有效的植物保护方法。化学物质剂量的增加因其有毒残留而危害环境。AMPs还可用于作物的交叉保护。将AMPs应用于受感染的作物可以激活植物的免疫系统，并通过增加其对生物和非生物胁迫的抗性来提高其抑制植物病原体的能力。利用测序技术、生物信息学、分子生物学和合成蛋白质组学，获得了高效稳定的AMPs，并开发了相关的优化策略。使用AMPs控制植物致病病害不仅比使用益生菌提供了更多的生态管理策略，而且确保了AMPs的恒定特性。
