Di Jianchen, Fu Jun, Li Zhenzhong, Li Wenkui, Liu Liang, Wu Miao
College of Electrical Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan, 430033, China.
Chinese People's Liberation Army Troop 92678, Tianjin, 300042, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):22446. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05525-9.
The complexity of long-wave propagation paths and real-time variations in meteorological conditions can make it challenging to predict accurately the propagation delays of long waves, thereby affecting the precision of long-wave navigation and positioning timing. This study used static tests to measure long-wave receiver path delays at varying propagation distances. Moreover, data were collected from neighbouring test points to analyse propagation delay characteristics and assess the feasibility of implementing differential timing methods. The measured data indicated that neighbouring test points exhibited similar trends during the same period, with different test points exhibiting significant correlations at the 0.001 level. A comprehensive analysis revealed that within a certain range, factors such as meteorological conditions, electrical parameters of the propagation medium, and terrain fluctuations were comparable. Long-wave propagation delays exhibited certain temporal and spatial correlations, and real-time changes in the propagation path could be mitigated using differential methods, thereby enhancing the precision of long-wave navigation and positioning timing. A theoretical focus on solidifying the differential effects in key areas could support the establishment of more accurate differential stations, thereby enhancing the eLoran system with warning capabilities and enhancing system integrity.
长波传播路径的复杂性以及气象条件的实时变化，使得准确预测长波的传播延迟具有挑战性，从而影响长波导航和定位定时的精度。本研究采用静态测试来测量不同传播距离下长波接收机的路径延迟。此外，还从相邻测试点收集数据，以分析传播延迟特性，并评估实施差分定时方法的可行性。测量数据表明，相邻测试点在同一时期呈现出相似的趋势，不同测试点在0.001水平上具有显著相关性。综合分析表明，在一定范围内，气象条件、传播介质的电气参数和地形起伏等因素具有可比性。长波传播延迟呈现出一定的时空相关性，利用差分方法可以减轻传播路径的实时变化，从而提高长波导航和定位定时的精度。对关键区域的差分效应进行理论聚焦，有助于建立更精确的差分站，从而增强具有预警能力的罗兰系统，提高系统完整性。
