Latifian Erfan, Anbiaee Najmeh, Hoseinzadeh Melika, Naqipour Fatemeh
Student Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Saudi Dent J. 2025 Jul 1;37(4-6):25. doi: 10.1007/s44445-025-00031-0.
Recognizing the characteristics of the zygomatic process of the maxilla (ZPM) has several applications in implant dentistry and orthodontics. The present study evaluated the relationship between ZPM morphology, as obtained from panoramic images, and sinus pneumatization within the ZPM, according to cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). CBCT and panoramic images of 300 patients were obtained, and the patients were divided into three age groups: Group I (15-34 years), Group II (35-55 years), and Group III (≥ 55 years). ZPM morphology was classified into J-shaped and non-J-shaped types based on panoramic images. The ZPM volume, maxillary sinus volume, and extent of sinus pneumatization within the ZPM were measured using CBCT scans, and their relationship to ZPM morphology classification was evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, one-way ANOVA, independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and chi-square test (α = 0.05). Participants ranged in age from 17 to 82 years, and 67% were female. Most ZPMs were J-shaped (75%). J-shaped ZPMs had significantly greater sinus volume (1.83 ± 0.81 cm), sinus pneumatization (53.56 ± 12.60%), and ZPM volume (3.50 ± 0.98 cm) compared to non-J-shaped ZPMs (P < 0.05). Male participants had significantly larger ZPM volumes than females (P = 0.039). Sinus pneumatization and maxillary sinus volume were comparable across age groups and between gender. The presence of a non-J-shaped ZPM might be associated with less sinus pneumatization than J-shaped ZPMs, regardless of the patient's age or gender. Therefore, non-J-shaped ZPMs might offer more bone availability for various applications in dentistry.
认识上颌骨颧突（ZPM）的特征在种植牙科和正畸学中有多种应用。本研究根据锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）评估了从全景图像获得的ZPM形态与ZPM内鼻窦气化之间的关系。获取了300名患者的CBCT和全景图像，并将患者分为三个年龄组：I组（15 - 34岁）、II组（35 - 55岁）和III组（≥55岁）。基于全景图像将ZPM形态分为J形和非J形。使用CBCT扫描测量ZPM体积、上颌窦体积以及ZPM内鼻窦气化程度，并评估它们与ZPM形态分类的关系。采用Shapiro-Wilk检验、单因素方差分析、独立样本t检验、Mann-Whitney U检验、Kruskal-Wallis检验和卡方检验进行统计分析（α = 0.05）。参与者年龄在17至82岁之间，67%为女性。大多数ZPM为J形（75%）。与非J形ZPM相比，J形ZPM的鼻窦体积（1.83±0.81 cm）、鼻窦气化程度（53.56±12.60%）和ZPM体积（3.50±0.98 cm）显著更大（P < 0.05）。男性参与者的ZPM体积显著大于女性（P = 0.039）。各年龄组之间以及不同性别之间的鼻窦气化和上颌窦体积相当。无论患者年龄或性别如何，非J形ZPM的存在可能比J形ZPM的鼻窦气化程度更低。因此，非J形ZPM可能为牙科中的各种应用提供更多的骨量。
