Niskanen Riikka T, Wijnhoven Hanneke A H, Pitkälä Kaisu H, Visser Marjolein, Kautiainen Hannu, Suominen Merja H, Jyväkorpi Satu K
Unit of Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Tukholmankatu 8, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, and the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Eur Geriatr Med. 2025 Jul 1. doi: 10.1007/s41999-025-01267-z.
The PROMISS randomized-controlled trial (RCT) showed that personalized dietary advice, regarding, for instance, protein-enriched food products, increased protein intake among community-dwelling older adults with a low habitual protein intake. This secondary analysis evaluates how the dietary advice aimed solely at increasing protein intake affects the intake of other (macro)nutrients, saturated fat, sugars, and dietary fiber.
Community-dwelling older adults (n = 260, mean age 75 years, 53% women) in Finland and the Netherlands with a habitual protein intake < 1.0 g/kg adjusted body weight/day were included in this secondary analysis. The two intervention groups (n = 175) received personalized dietary advice for 6 months to increase protein intake. The control group (n = 85) received no intervention. Nutrient intake was evaluated with 24 h recalls and a 3-day food record at baseline and follow-up.
Macronutrient intake at baseline was similar across groups. In addition to an increase in protein, the intervention groups showed a significant increase in carbohydrate intake relative to the control group, with no change in the intake of total fat, saturated fat, sugars, or dietary fiber. An increase in energy intake was associated with an increase in protein intake [r = .55 (95% CI 0.46-0.63)] but not with relative weight gain [r = 0.03 (95% CI - 0.09 to 0.16)].
Dietary advice to increase protein intake increased also the intake of carbohydrates, but intakes of fiber, sugars, and (saturated) fat remained at baseline levels.
PROMISS随机对照试验（RCT）表明，针对富含蛋白质的食品等提供个性化饮食建议，可使习惯性蛋白质摄入量较低的社区老年人增加蛋白质摄入量。这项二次分析评估了仅旨在增加蛋白质摄入量的饮食建议如何影响其他（宏量）营养素、饱和脂肪、糖和膳食纤维的摄入量。
本二次分析纳入了芬兰和荷兰的社区老年人（n = 260，平均年龄75岁，53%为女性），其习惯性蛋白质摄入量<1.0 g/千克调整体重/天。两个干预组（n = 175）接受了为期6个月的个性化饮食建议以增加蛋白质摄入量。对照组（n = 85）未接受干预。在基线和随访时，通过24小时回顾法和3天食物记录评估营养素摄入量。
各小组基线时的宏量营养素摄入量相似。除蛋白质摄入量增加外，干预组相对于对照组的碳水化合物摄入量显著增加，而总脂肪、饱和脂肪、糖或膳食纤维的摄入量没有变化。能量摄入量的增加与蛋白质摄入量的增加相关[r = 0.55（95%CI 0.46 - 0.63）]，但与相对体重增加无关[r = 0.03（95%CI - 0.09至0.16）]。
增加蛋白质摄入量的饮食建议也增加了碳水化合物的摄入量，但纤维、糖和（饱和）脂肪的摄入量保持在基线水平。
