Sun Hao, Xia Yuxuan, Zhi Jinyan, Ma Jun, Chen Jinwan, Chu Zhekai, Gao Weihao, Liu Shuhai, Qin Yong
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Materials and Energy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
MIIT Key Laboratory of Complex-field Intelligent Exploration, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
Nat Commun. 2025 Jul 1;16(1):6001. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-61166-6.
Triboelectric nanogenerator can scavenge mechanical energy from environment to power sensor networks, becoming increasingly important in fields like healthcare and infrastructure. However, due to its impedance coupling with sensor networks, stimuli-induced impedance changes of sensor networks will result in an inconstant output of triboelectric nanogenerator, leading to a poor real-time powering performance for sensor networks as compared with a constant voltage source; designing triboelectric nanogenerator with high powering performance to real-timely power sensor networks faces great challenges. Herein, an impedance decoupling strategy is proposed to enhance the real-time powering performance of triboelectric nanogenerator by decoupling impedances of triboelectric nanogenerator and sensor network. A shunt circuit composed of a small fixed resistor is introduced to stabilize the whole impedance of the shunt circuit and the sensor network, making the output voltage of triboelectric nanogenerator on sensors almost unchanged, and thus cut off the impedance coupling. Our results show that the strategy highly enhances the real-time powering performance of triboelectric nanogenerator for sensor networks, and achieves multi-mode sensing with relative errors as low as -4.6%, comparable to that powered by a commercial power source. This work provides useful guidance for designing triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-mode sensing, and contributes to its practical applications.
摩擦纳米发电机可以从环境中收集机械能为传感器网络供电，在医疗保健和基础设施等领域变得越来越重要。然而，由于其与传感器网络的阻抗耦合，传感器网络受刺激引起的阻抗变化会导致摩擦纳米发电机的输出不稳定，与恒压源相比，传感器网络的实时供电性能较差；设计具有高供电性能的摩擦纳米发电机以实时为传感器网络供电面临巨大挑战。在此，提出了一种阻抗解耦策略，通过解耦摩擦纳米发电机和传感器网络的阻抗来提高摩擦纳米发电机的实时供电性能。引入了一个由小固定电阻组成的并联电路，以稳定并联电路和传感器网络的整体阻抗，使摩擦纳米发电机在传感器上的输出电压几乎不变，从而切断阻抗耦合。我们的结果表明，该策略极大地提高了摩擦纳米发电机为传感器网络的实时供电性能，并实现了相对误差低至-4.6%的多模式传感，与由商用电源供电的情况相当。这项工作为设计用于多模式传感的摩擦纳米发电机提供了有用的指导，并有助于其实际应用。
