Wechakarn Pongsakorn, Klomchitcharoen Sumeth, Jatupornpoonsub Tirapoot, Jirakittayakorn Nantawachara, Puttanawarut Chanon, Likitsuntonwong Wanlop, Chaimongkolnukul Khuanjit, Wongsawat Yodchanan
Brain-Computer Interface Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):22166. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05328-y.
Controlled cortical impact (CCI) is the most widely used mechanical model of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rodent brains. This neurosurgical procedure generally involves the use of a stereotaxic system, which requires reaching a specific brain region with the most accurate position possible. In this study, a modified stereotaxic system for TBI induction was developed to evaluate preclinical research in rodents for conducting neural stimulation experiments by using an implanted electrode to assist in rehabilitation after severe TBI. The proposed model aims to reduce animal mortality during surgery and alleviate the negative side effects potentially caused by prolonged anesthesia drug usage. Isoflurane is applied as an anesthetic drug before stereotaxic surgery in rodents, which promotes hypothermia in the animal body. The result showed notable improvement in rodent survival after applying an active warming pad system to prevent hypothermia. Compared with the conventional stereotaxic system, the modified CCI device with a mounted 3D-printed header significantly improved performance in the surgical procedure, decreasing the total operation time by 21.7%, especially in the Bregma‒Lambda measurement. These findings indicate the tangible capability of our modified stereotaxic system, which allows surgeons to perform stereotaxic surgery faster and lowers the risk of intraoperative mortality.
控制性皮质撞击（CCI）是啮齿动物脑外伤（TBI）中使用最广泛的机械模型。这种神经外科手术通常涉及使用立体定位系统，该系统需要尽可能精确地到达特定脑区。在本研究中，开发了一种用于诱导TBI的改良立体定位系统，以评估啮齿动物的临床前研究，通过植入电极在严重TBI后辅助康复来进行神经刺激实验。所提出的模型旨在降低手术期间的动物死亡率，并减轻长时间使用麻醉药物可能引起的负面副作用。异氟烷在啮齿动物立体定向手术前用作麻醉药物，这会促进动物体温过低。结果表明，应用主动保暖垫系统预防体温过低后，啮齿动物的存活率有显著提高。与传统立体定位系统相比，带有3D打印头部的改良CCI装置在手术过程中的性能显著提高，总手术时间减少了21.7%，尤其是在前囟-人字缝测量方面。这些发现表明了我们改良立体定位系统的实际能力，它使外科医生能够更快地进行立体定向手术，并降低术中死亡风险。
