Yavuz Veysel Süleyman
Hydraulics Division, Department of Civil Engineering, Siirt University, Siirt, Türkiye.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 2;15(1):22830. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-06433-8.
This study investigates the effects of temperature and flow variations on dissolved oxygen and biochemical oxygen demand across four major Turkish rivers: Kızılırmak, Sakarya, Seyhan, and Yeşilırmak. An Extended Streeter-Phelps Model, incorporating temperature-dependent deoxygenation and flow-sensitive reoxygenation rates, was employed to simulate oxygen dynamics under diverse environmental condition. Results indicate that increased temperature generally reduces oxygen levels due to lower solubility, while biochemical demand initially rises, reflecting accelerated organic decomposition. Higher flow rates, however, help sustain oxygen levels by enhancing mixing and dilution. Each river exhibited unique responses to these factors, influenced by its hydrological and anthropogenic characteristics. The model demonstrated strong predictive accuracy, with R values ranging from 0.80 to 0.95 and RMSE values generally below 5.5, effectively capturing complex interactions that traditional models often overlook. These findings underscore the importance of managing flow and temperature impacts on river ecosystems, particularly under seasonal and human-induced pressures. This study provides valuable insights for water quality management and conservation strategies, emphasizing the utility of dynamic modeling frameworks in diverse river systems.
本研究调查了温度和流量变化对土耳其四条主要河流（克孜勒马克河、萨卡里亚河、塞伊汉河和耶希尔马克河）中溶解氧和生化需氧量的影响。采用了扩展的斯特里特-菲尔普斯模型，该模型纳入了温度依赖的脱氧速率和流量敏感的复氧速率，以模拟不同环境条件下的氧气动态。结果表明，温度升高通常会因溶解度降低而降低氧气水平，而生化需氧量最初会上升，这反映了有机分解的加速。然而，较高的流速通过增强混合和稀释作用有助于维持氧气水平。每条河流对这些因素都表现出独特的响应，这受到其水文和人为特征的影响。该模型显示出很强的预测准确性，R值范围为0.80至0.95，均方根误差值通常低于5.5，有效地捕捉了传统模型常常忽略的复杂相互作用。这些发现强调了管理流量和温度对河流生态系统影响的重要性，特别是在季节性和人为压力下。本研究为水质管理和保护策略提供了有价值的见解，强调了动态建模框架在不同河流系统中的实用性。
