Li Xiaolin, Li Mengxin, Xu Liwei, Xie Jianguo, Shi Rui, Feng Huamin
Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute, Beijing, 100070, China.
Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):21469. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-06098-3.
With the rapid development of smart cities and intelligent vehicles, the communication scale in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) is expanding significantly. Simultaneously, due to the low latency, and security requirements of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), there is an increased demand for the performance of vehicle access authentication and key agreement protocols. Traditional identity authentication and key agreement protocols less frequently consider the impact of efficiency, and they use complex computations, which result in increased communication costs and reduced efficiency. As a result, these protocols are no longer suitable for resource-constrained VANETs applications. The Semiconductor Superlattice Physically Unclonable Function (SSL-PUF) which belongs to strong PUF has attracted significant attention from scholars worldwide and prompting extensive research into the applications of cryptography. This paper proposes a lightweight identity authentication and a group key agreement scheme based on SSL-PUF for vehicle-road coordination, providing information-theoretical security proofs. Finally, performance comparisons, considering communication load and computational costs, demonstrate that the proposed scheme offers significant advantages in both security and lightweight characteristics, and holds considerable significance for the security requirements in vehicle-road coordination scenarios.
随着智慧城市和智能车辆的快速发展，车载自组织网络（VANETs）中的通信规模正在显著扩大。同时，由于车联网（IoV）的低延迟和安全要求，对车辆接入认证和密钥协商协议的性能需求也在增加。传统的身份认证和密钥协商协议较少考虑效率的影响，它们使用复杂的计算，这导致通信成本增加和效率降低。因此，这些协议不再适用于资源受限的VANETs应用。属于强物理不可克隆函数（PUF）的半导体超晶格物理不可克隆函数（SSL-PUF）已引起全球学者的广泛关注，并促使人们对其在密码学中的应用进行广泛研究。本文提出了一种基于SSL-PUF的轻量级身份认证和组密钥协商方案用于车路协同，提供了信息论安全证明。最后，通过考虑通信负载和计算成本的性能比较表明，所提方案在安全性和轻量级特性方面均具有显著优势，对车路协同场景中的安全需求具有重要意义。
