靶向代谢组学和转录组学分析为谷子籽粒中黄酮类化合物的生物合成提供了见解。

Targeted metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses provide insights into flavonoid biosynthesis in the grain of Foxtail millet.

作者信息

Ye Zhenyan, Qin Na, Fu Senjie, Zhang Huifang, Zhu Cancan, Dai Shutao, Jing Ya, Wei Xin, Wang Chunyi, Ju Le, Li Junxia

机构信息

Cereal Crop Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Postgraduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.

School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.

出版信息

BMC Genomics. 2025 Jul 1;26(1):610. doi: 10.1186/s12864-025-11780-x.

DOI:10.1186/s12864-025-11780-x

PMID:40597575

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12210836/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Foxtail millet ( L.), a traditional Chinese crop, is valued for its rich abundance of health-beneficial compounds (e.g., flavonoids). Despite the nutritional significance of flavonoids, their biosynthetic pathways in foxtail millet remain largely uncharacterized. In this study, we integrated targeted metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses to comprehensively dissect the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway and identify genes encoding key enzymes.

RESULTS

Quantitative profiling of a foxtail millet recombinant inbred line (RIL) population revealed significant variations in grain flavonoid content, with levels in the high-flavonoid (HF) group exceeding those in the low-flavonoid (LF) group by five-fold. Quantitative analysis of a foxtail millet recombinant inbred line (RIL) population showed striking variations in grain flavonoid content. The high-flavonoid (HF) group exhibited flavonoid levels five-fold higher than those of the low-flavonoid (LF) group. Through integrated targeted metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses, we elucidated the pivotal regulatory networks governing flavonoid biosynthesis in foxtail millet. Comparative transcriptomic analysis demonstrated significant differences in the expression patterns of flavonoid biosynthesis-associated genes between the HF and LF groups. Targeted metabolomic quantification further identified ten specific flavonoids with significantly elevated levels in the HF group. Integrative omics analyses revealed that genes encoding shikimate O-hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (), and phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia-lyase () are key determinants of the differential flavonoid accumulation observed between genotypes.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study provides novel insights into the genetic regulatory mechanisms governing flavonoid metabolism in foxtail millet. The identified candidate genes, including those encoding , , and , represent valuable molecular targets for breeding programs focused on improving the nutritional profile of foxtail millet cultivars.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-025-11780-x.

摘要

背景

谷子（Setaria italica (L.)）是一种传统的中国作物，因其富含多种有益健康的化合物（如黄酮类化合物）而受到重视。尽管黄酮类化合物具有重要的营养价值，但其在谷子中的生物合成途径仍 largely未被表征。在本研究中，我们整合了靶向代谢组学和转录组学分析，以全面剖析黄酮类化合物的生物合成途径，并鉴定编码关键酶的基因。

结果

对谷子重组自交系（RIL）群体的定量分析表明，籽粒黄酮类化合物含量存在显著差异，高黄酮类（HF）组的含量比低黄酮类（LF）组高出五倍。通过整合靶向代谢组学和转录组学分析，我们阐明了调控谷子黄酮类化合物生物合成的关键调控网络。比较转录组分析表明，HF组和LF组之间黄酮类化合物生物合成相关基因的表达模式存在显著差异。靶向代谢组定量分析进一步鉴定出10种特定的黄酮类化合物，其在HF组中的含量显著升高。综合组学分析表明，编码莽草酸O - 羟基肉桂酰转移酶（）、苯丙氨酸解氨酶（）和苯丙氨酸/酪氨酸解氨酶（）的基因是基因型间黄酮类化合物积累差异的关键决定因素。