Occurrence of cerebral CO embolism during laparoscopic adrenalectomy: a case report and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND

CO embolism has been documented in a range of laparoscopic procedures, and cerebral CO embolism is an extremely rare but lethal incidence of CO embolism, which may ultimately result in coma, stroke, disability, and mortality.

CASE PRESENTATION

This paper presents an uncommon case of cerebral CO embolism that occurred during laparoscopic surgery, along with a thorough examination of existing literature. The patient (56-year-old Chinese female) experienced a loss of consciousness, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and neurological impairments after undergoing a laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy. Multiple low-density lesions were detected by brain magnetic resonance imaging. The patient exhibited improvement and gradual recovery after undergoing therapies such as continuous hyperbaric oxygen therapy, hypothermic brain protection, hormone therapy, and anticoagulation.

CONCLUSION

We emphasize that cerebral CO embolism is a significant complication that must be given great importance in laparoscopic surgery. The comprehension of cerebral CO embolism, and effective communication between surgeons and anesthesiologists, play a crucial role in its diagnosis and avoiding inadequate treatment.