轻度认知障碍成年人的感知体验：一项定性研究。
Perceived experiences of adults with mild cognitive impairment: a qualitative study.
作者信息
Leila Poursoleiman, Zahra Rooddehghan, Fatemeh Bahramnezhad, Mahdi Shafiee Sabet, Nahid Dehghan Nayeri
机构信息
Medical Surgical Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Psychol. 2025 Jul 1;13(1):634. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-02979-4.
INTRODUCTION
Increasing attention is being paid to preventing the progression of mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Today, there is a growing emphasis on listening to the "voice" of people with mild cognitive impairment to ensure patient-centered care. However, how these individuals are perceived and how they experience their illness remains underexplored, necessitating further research to achieve a comprehensive understanding. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of adults with mild cognitive impairment, including their challenges, emotions, and personal insights.
METHODS
This study was conducted from 2023 to 2024 using a qualitative approach and conventional content analysis. The study involved 16 adults who had been diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment, with a purposive sampling approach that maximized diversity. The data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews and analyzed using conventional content analysis according to Granheim and Lundman.
RESULTS
The results of the data analysis revealed two main categories: emotional schemas in mild cognitive impairment and understanding the meaning of the diagnosis. The subcategories of the main category Emotional schemas in mild cognitive impairment included (1) understanding one's emotional nature (2), hidden narratives ranging from blaming to seeking empathy, and (3) understanding the need for others. The subcategories that emerged from the "understanding the meaning of the diagnosis" category were (1) finding meaning in the face of cognitive impairment and (2) understanding meaning as a diminishing life experience.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
The findings of this study suggest that the experience of mild cognitive impairment involves more than just cognitive problems. A deeper understanding of these experiences could contribute to the development of more effective interventions and improve the quality of life for adults with mild cognitive impairment.
引言
预防轻度认知障碍和痴呆症的进展正受到越来越多的关注。如今，人们越来越强调倾听轻度认知障碍患者的“声音”，以确保以患者为中心的护理。然而，这些个体如何被看待以及他们如何体验自己的疾病仍未得到充分探索，需要进一步研究以达成全面理解。本研究的目的是探索患有轻度认知障碍的成年人的经历，包括他们所面临的挑战、情绪和个人见解。
方法
本研究于2023年至2024年采用定性方法和传统内容分析法进行。该研究涉及16名被诊断为轻度认知障碍的成年人，采用了旨在最大化多样性的目的抽样方法。数据通过深入的半结构化访谈收集，并根据格兰海姆和伦德曼的方法使用传统内容分析法进行分析。
结果
数据分析结果揭示了两个主要类别：轻度认知障碍中的情绪模式以及理解诊断的意义。轻度认知障碍中情绪模式这一主要类别的子类别包括：（1）理解自身情绪本质；（2）从责备到寻求同理心的隐藏叙事；（3）理解对他人的需求。从“理解诊断的意义”类别中出现的子类别是：（1）在认知障碍面前找到意义；（2）将意义理解为逐渐减少的生活经历。
讨论与结论
本研究结果表明，轻度认知障碍的经历不仅仅涉及认知问题。对这些经历的更深入理解有助于开发更有效的干预措施，并改善患有轻度认知障碍的成年人的生活质量。
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