Wang Qing-Chen, Jiao Jian, Zhang Chun-Qing
Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China.
World J Gastroenterol. 2025 Jun 28;31(24):108508. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i24.108508.
Esophagogastric variceal bleeding is a common and severe complication of cirrhotic portal hypertension. Hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement and esophagogastroduodenoscopy are the diagnostic gold standards for portal hypertension and esophagogastric variceal bleeding, respectively. With advancements in artificial intelligence in medicine, non-invasive diagnostic methods are increasingly replacing traditional invasive procedures, permitting more rational and personalized patient care. This review summarizes the formation and diagnosis of portal hypertension, as well as the primary prophylaxis, secondary prophylaxis, and management of acute esophagogastric variceal bleeding. This study also highlights the latest progress in artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and treatment of portal hypertension and esophagogastric varices.
食管胃静脉曲张出血是肝硬化门静脉高压常见且严重的并发症。肝静脉压力梯度测量和食管胃十二指肠镜检查分别是门静脉高压和食管胃静脉曲张出血的诊断金标准。随着医学人工智能的发展，非侵入性诊断方法正日益取代传统的侵入性检查，从而实现更合理、个性化的患者护理。本综述总结了门静脉高压的形成与诊断，以及食管胃静脉曲张急性出血的一级预防、二级预防和治疗。本研究还重点介绍了人工智能在门静脉高压和食管胃静脉曲张诊治方面的最新进展。
