Fardin Masoud, Sadr Narges, Rezvani Amirmohammad, Hajhosseinjavaheri Faezeh, Dalghi Erfaneh
Department of Microbiology, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran.
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran.
Curr Drug Metab. 2025 Jun 24. doi: 10.2174/0113892002392051250612052515.
The rapid surge in bacterial resistance to classical antibiotics and antimicrobial agents has driven researchers to identify new classes of antimicrobial agents. At the nanoscale, nanotechnological progress has strongly underscored the application of silver and copper since they present high antimicrobial activities toward gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Nanostructures containing these two elements-all the more so for hybrid nanocomposites-have been scantily the subject of investigated. The present work aims to develop and study a silver/copper oxide/clay hybrid nanocomposite.
Nanocomposites of silver, copper oxide, and their hybrid with clay were synthesized via chemical precipitation under controlled pH (9-11) and temperature (60-90°C) conditions. The antibacterial activity was assessed using standard 0.5 McFarland-adjusted bacterial inocula. Characterization was performed using FTIR, XRD, FESEM, and TEM techniques. MIC and MBC were determined through serial dilution, and data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (SPSS v26).
The results indicated that the fabricated nanocomposite was impure, with nanosilver particles measuring 30-40 nm and copper oxide particles measuring 200-250 nm. The morphological properties of synthesized Ag/Cu2O/clay nanocomposites were evaluated using X-ray diffractometer analysis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the hybrid nanocomposite against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis was 1024 μg/ml, and for Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2048 μg/ml. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis was 4096 μg/ml, and for Escherichia coli 4096 μg/ml, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 8192 μg/ml.
These results showed that the antimicrobial property of silver/copper/clay hybrid nanocomposite was better than copper/silver and clay nanocomposite against gram-positive bacteria, while showing a similar effect against gram-negative bacteria.
细菌对传统抗生素和抗菌剂的耐药性迅速上升，促使研究人员寻找新型抗菌剂。在纳米尺度上，纳米技术的进步突出了银和铜的应用，因为它们对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌都具有很高的抗菌活性。含有这两种元素的纳米结构——尤其是混合纳米复合材料——很少受到研究。本研究旨在开发和研究一种银/氧化铜/粘土混合纳米复合材料。
通过在pH值（9-11）和温度（60-90°C）受控的条件下进行化学沉淀，合成了银、氧化铜及其与粘土的混合纳米复合材料。使用标准的0.5麦氏比浊法调整细菌接种物评估抗菌活性。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、X射线衍射（XRD）、场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）技术进行表征。通过系列稀释法测定最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC），并使用单因素方差分析和Tukey检验（SPSS v26）分析数据。
结果表明，制备的纳米复合材料不纯，纳米银颗粒尺寸为30-40nm，氧化铜颗粒尺寸为200-250nm。使用X射线衍射仪分析评估了合成的Ag/Cu2O/粘土纳米复合材料的形态学性质。混合纳米复合材料对金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）为1024μg/ml，对大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌为2048μg/ml。对金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的最低杀菌浓度（MBC）为4096μg/ml，对大肠杆菌为4096μg/ml，对铜绿假单胞菌为8192μg/ml。
这些结果表明，银/铜/粘土混合纳米复合材料对革兰氏阳性菌的抗菌性能优于铜/银和粘土纳米复合材料，而对革兰氏阴性菌的抗菌效果相似。
