Li Shengnan, Xi Yucan, Wang Ke, Wan Nianhong, Liu Haiyan, Ho Shih-Hsin
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
Central Southern China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430010, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2025 Nov;157:443-456. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2024.12.003. Epub 2024 Dec 7.
Microalgae-bacteria system is an emerging alternative for sustainable wastewater treatment. Exploring the structure and diversity of microbial community in microalgae-bacteria system under sulfadiazine stress can contribute to the understanding of the sulfadiazine behavior in environments. Furthermore, as important carriers of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), microalgae can influence the profiles of ARGs either directly or indirectly through the secretion of metabolites. However, the effects of sulfadiazine on ARGs dissemination of microalgae-bacteria systems remain underreported. Herein, the impacts of sulfadiazine (1 mg/L) on the structural diversity and metabolic activity of microorganisms were examined in microalgae-bacteria systems. Results showed that microalgae-bacteria system could remove NH-N better (about 72.3 %) than activated sludge system, and hydrolysis was the first step in sulfadiazine degradation. A high level of intI1 (5.7 × 10 copies/mL) was detected in the initial media of the microalgae-bacteria system. Microalgae could hamper the rate of horizontal gene transfer activation. Compared with activated sludge system, the abundance of sul genes (sul1, sul2, sul3, and sulA) was significantly lowered after treating with microalgae-bacteria system. Additionally, the number of proteins and the sum of polysaccharides in the extracellular polymeric substances of the activated sludge system were lower than those of the microalgae-bacteria system. Microalgae can alter microbial communities. The genus Rozellomycota predominated all samples. Fungi with relatively high abundance increased in the microalgae-bacteria system, including Dipodascaceae, Rhodotorula, and Geotrichum. These results offer valuable insights into the application processes involving microalgae-bacteria system.
微藻-细菌系统是可持续废水处理的一种新兴替代方案。探索磺胺嘧啶胁迫下微藻-细菌系统中微生物群落的结构和多样性，有助于理解磺胺嘧啶在环境中的行为。此外，作为抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的重要载体，微藻可通过分泌代谢产物直接或间接影响ARGs的分布。然而，磺胺嘧啶对微藻-细菌系统中ARGs传播的影响仍鲜有报道。在此，研究了磺胺嘧啶（1 mg/L）对微藻-细菌系统中微生物结构多样性和代谢活性的影响。结果表明，微藻-细菌系统对NH-N的去除效果优于活性污泥系统（约72.3%），水解是磺胺嘧啶降解的第一步。在微藻-细菌系统的初始培养基中检测到高水平的intI1（5.7×10拷贝/mL）。微藻会阻碍水平基因转移激活的速率。与活性污泥系统相比，微藻-细菌系统处理后sul基因（sul1、sul2、sul3和sulA）的丰度显著降低。此外，活性污泥系统胞外聚合物中的蛋白质数量和多糖总量低于微藻-细菌系统。微藻可改变微生物群落。罗兹菌属在所有样本中占主导地位。微藻-细菌系统中丰度相对较高的真菌增加，包括双足囊菌科、红酵母属和地霉属。这些结果为微藻-细菌系统的应用过程提供了有价值的见解。
