Dung Shing-Zeng, Wang Jui, Weng Tzu-Hsuan, Tu Yu-Kang
Department of Dentistry, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 2;15(1):23333. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-06048-z.
This long-term retrospective study evaluated the clinical and radiographic outcomes and assessed the risks associated with immediate molar implants (IMI) in a Taiwan population. This study analyzed the clinical and radiographic records of 62 implants in 43 patients who received IMI and had follow-up periods of 2-16.5 years. After implantation, patients underwent radiographic and clinical assessments. The primary outcomes were implant survival rate, midfacial mucosal tissue recession (MTR) and peri-implant marginal bone loss (MBL), which were calculated at the implant level. Moreover, information on implant- and patient- related risk factors for peri-implantitis was recorded and analyzed by univariable and multivariate analyses through the generalized estimating equation method. Approximately half of the molar extraction sites exhibited unique root anatomy and were classified as type C socket. A significant association was observed between a history of periodontitis and three-rooted mandibular first molar and MBL. The implant survival rate was approximately 98%. A history of periodontitis, poor oral hygiene, keratinized mucosa (KM) < 2 mm, and a follow-up period of > 8 years significantly predicted higher MBL. Male patients and those with a history of periodontitis, poor oral hygiene, MTR, and follow-up period of > 8 years exhibited a significantly higher risk of peri-implantitis. This study confirms that the IMI is an effective and predictable treatment modality in a Taiwan population. The identified risk factors for peri-implantitis of IMI included a history of periodontitis, poor oral hygiene, KM < 2 mm, and a follow-up period of > 8 years.
这项长期回顾性研究评估了台湾人群中即刻磨牙种植（IMI）的临床和影像学结果，并评估了与之相关的风险。本研究分析了43例接受IMI且随访时间为2至16.5年的患者的62颗种植体的临床和影像学记录。植入后，患者接受影像学和临床评估。主要结局指标为种植体存活率、面部中部黏膜组织退缩（MTR）和种植体周围边缘骨吸收（MBL），这些指标在种植体水平进行计算。此外，记录并通过广义估计方程法进行单变量和多变量分析，分析种植体及患者相关的种植体周围炎风险因素。大约一半的磨牙拔牙位点表现出独特的牙根解剖结构，被归类为C型牙槽窝。观察到牙周炎病史与下颌第一磨牙三根及MBL之间存在显著关联。种植体存活率约为98%。牙周炎病史、口腔卫生差、角化黏膜（KM）<2mm以及随访时间>8年显著预示着更高的MBL。男性患者以及有牙周炎病史、口腔卫生差、MTR和随访时间>8年的患者发生种植体周围炎的风险显著更高。本研究证实，IMI在台湾人群中是一种有效且可预测的治疗方式。确定的IMI种植体周围炎风险因素包括牙周炎病史、口腔卫生差、KM<2mm以及随访时间>8年。
