Immonen Egle, Paulamäki Lauri, Piippo Hannaleena, Nikkilä Atte, Aine Liisa, Peltomäki Timo, Lohi Olli, Parikka Mataleena
Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Department of Ear and Oral Diseases, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
BMC Oral Health. 2025 Jul 2;25(1):981. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06405-4.
This study investigated the impact of anticancer treatment on the oral microbiome in pediatric patients and its association with oral mucositis (OM).
A double-blind, randomized trial involving 34 pediatric cancer patients (ages 2-17.99) with solid or hematological malignancies. Mucosal swab samples were collected before and after chemotherapy. Patients underwent two 7-day rinse cycles-one with Caphosol and one with saline-in a randomized order. Bacterial DNA from 110 mucosal swabs was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing.
Chemotherapy altered bacterial composition. No life-threatening OM cases (WHO grade 4) were observed, but mild to severe OM (grades 1-3) occurred in three patients. In patients without oral lesions, Bergeyella genus was more abundant prior to treatment while Alloprevotella was more abundant in the post-treatment samples, compared to patients with lesions. OM was linked to distinct microbiome profiles, including Stenotrophomonas, Leptotrichia sp., Serratia sp.,Capnocytophaga sputigena, Sphingomonas sp., Parapusillimonas sp., Staphylococcus sp., and Turicibacter genera. Additionally, Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia (p = 0.013) were more prevalent in the Caphosol group compared to the saline group.
These findings indicate that chemotherapy-induced microbiome shifts associate with OM risk, highlighting the potential for microbial markers to predict high-risk patients and support protective strategies.
The trial titled "Supersaturated Calcium Phosphate Oral Rinse (Caphosol®) for the Prevention of Oral Mucositis in Children Undergoing Chemotherapeutic Treatments" was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (ID NCT02807337), with the first submission date 2016-06-07.
本研究调查了抗癌治疗对儿科患者口腔微生物群的影响及其与口腔黏膜炎（OM）的关联。
一项双盲随机试验，纳入34例患有实体或血液系统恶性肿瘤的儿科癌症患者（年龄2至17.99岁）。在化疗前后采集黏膜拭子样本。患者按随机顺序接受两个为期7天的冲洗周期，一个使用磷酸氢钙漱口水（Caphosol），另一个使用生理盐水。使用16S rRNA测序分析来自110个黏膜拭子的细菌DNA。
化疗改变了细菌组成。未观察到危及生命的OM病例（世界卫生组织4级），但3例患者出现了轻度至重度OM（1至3级）。与有口腔病变的患者相比，在无口腔病变的患者中，治疗前Bergeyella属更为丰富，而治疗后样本中Alloprevotella更为丰富。OM与不同的微生物群谱相关，包括嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、纤毛菌属、沙雷氏菌属、牙龈二氧化碳嗜纤维菌、鞘氨醇单胞菌属、副普氏菌属、葡萄球菌属和Turicibacter属。此外，与生理盐水组相比，磷酸氢钙漱口水组中伯克霍尔德菌-卡瓦列罗尼亚-副伯克霍尔德菌（p = 0.013）更为普遍。
这些发现表明化疗诱导的微生物群变化与OM风险相关，突出了微生物标志物预测高危患者和支持保护策略的潜力。
题为“磷酸氢钙过饱和口腔冲洗液（Caphosol®）预防接受化疗的儿童口腔黏膜炎”的试验已在ClinicalTrials.gov上注册（标识符NCT02807337），首次提交日期为2016年6月7日。
