Muñoz-Medel Matías, Pinto Mauricio P, Goralsky Lauren, Cáceres Mónica, Villarroel-Espíndola Franz, Manque Patricio, Pinto Andrés, Garcia-Bloj Benjamin, de Mayo Tomas, Godoy Juan A, Garrido Marcelo, Retamal Ignacio N
Precision Oncology Center, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.
Support Team for Oncological Research and Medicine (STORM), Santiago, Chile.
Front Oncol. 2024 May 14;14:1403089. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1403089. eCollection 2024.
() is a gram-negative oral pathogen associated with chronic periodontitis. Previous studies have linked poor oral health and periodontitis with oral cancer. Severe cases of periodontal disease can result in advanced periodontitis, leading to tissue degradation, tooth loss, and may also correlate with higher gastric cancer (GC) risk. In fact, tooth loss is associated with an elevated risk of cancer. However, the clinical evidence for this association remains inconclusive. Periodontitis is also characterized by chronic inflammation and upregulation of members of the Programmed Death 1/PD1 Ligand 1 (PD1/PDL1) axis that leads to an immunosuppressive state. Given that chronic inflammation and immunosuppression are conditions that facilitate cancer progression and carcinogenesis, we hypothesize that oral and/or its virulence factors serve as a mechanistic link between oral health and gastric carcinogenesis/GC progression. We also discuss the potential impact of ' virulence factors (gingipains, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and fimbriae) on inflammation and the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in GC which are part of the current standard of care for advanced stage patients.
（某病原体）是一种与慢性牙周炎相关的革兰氏阴性口腔病原体。先前的研究已将口腔健康不佳和牙周炎与口腔癌联系起来。严重的牙周疾病病例可导致晚期牙周炎，造成组织退化、牙齿脱落，还可能与较高的胃癌（GC）风险相关。事实上，牙齿脱落与癌症风险升高有关。然而，这种关联的临床证据仍然不确凿。牙周炎的特征还包括慢性炎症以及程序性死亡1/PD1配体1（PD1/PDL1）轴成员的上调，这会导致免疫抑制状态。鉴于慢性炎症和免疫抑制是促进癌症进展和致癌作用的条件，我们推测口腔（病原体）及其毒力因子是口腔健康与胃癌发生/GC进展之间的机制性联系。我们还讨论了毒力因子（牙龈蛋白酶、脂多糖（LPS）和菌毛）对炎症以及GC中免疫检查点抑制剂反应的潜在影响，这些免疫检查点抑制剂是晚期患者当前标准治疗的一部分。
